Cyprosulfamide Safens Isoxaflutole in Sweet Corn (Zea mays L.)

Abstract

<jats:p>There is little published information on the sensitivity of sweet corn to the PRE and POST application of isoxaflutole + cyprosulfamide. Four field trials were conducted during 2010 and 2011 in Ontario, Canada, to determine the sensitivity of ‘Merit’, ‘GH 4927’, ‘BSS 5362’, and ‘GG 741’ sweet corn hybrids to the PRE and POST application of isoxaflutole alone or in combination with cyprosulfamide. Isoxaflutole applied PRE or POST at 105 and 210 g a.i./ha caused as much as 12% visual injury, 18% reduction in height. and 24% reduction in marketable yield of some sweet corn hybrids evaluated. Isoxaflutole + cyprosulfamide applied PRE or POST at 105 and 210 g·ha<jats:sup>−1</jats:sup> caused up to 7% initial injury in some sweet corn hybrids but the injury was transient with no effect on sweet corn height, cob size, and yield. Isoxaflutole applied POST was more injurious to sweet corn than when applied PRE; however, there was no differences in sweet corn injury between the PRE and POST applications of isoxaflutole + cyprosulfamide. Based on these results, there is potential for use of isoxaflutole + cyprosulfamide applied at 105 g a.i./ha in ‘Merit’, ‘GH 4927’, ‘BSS 5362’, and ‘GG 741’ sweet corn hybrids.</jats:p>

Sensor‐based evaluation of maize (Zea mays) and weed response to post‐emergence herbicide applications of Isoxaflutole and Cyprosulfamide applied as crop seed treatment or herbicide mixing partner

“…However, the visually estimated crop injury did not necessarily indicate the safeners safening potential. Previous experiments found the IFT based crop injury to be transient and with no negative effect on maize height and total yield …”

“…The plant damage was assessed visually at 8 days after treatment (DAT) as proposed by Robinson et al . (2013) . The above‐ground fresh matter of all greenhouse and field trial plants was collected 21 DAT and dried for 3 days at 80 °C.…”

“…The plant damage was assessed visually at 8 days after treatment (DAT) as proposed by Robinson et al (2013). 11 The above-ground fresh matter of all greenhouse and field trial plants was collected 21 DAT and dried for 3 days at 80 ∘ C. In the field trial, the above-ground biomass weight of the final crop harvest was recorded at 118 days after sowing. The species-specific weed coverage was estimated immediately before the herbicide application and 14 DAT with four repetitions per plot using a 0.1 m 2 counting frame.…”

“…IFT belongs to the 4‐hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase (HPPD) inhibitors, while CSA safens acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors ( e.g. thiencarbazone‐methyl ) and HPPD‐inhibitors in maize …”

“…10,11 To investigate the effects of CSA on IFT-treated maize, laboratory studies, 12 as well as greenhouse 13 and field trials have been carried out. 11,14 Usually, destructive measurements or visual evaluations of plant vigor parameters are carried out for the evaluations in greenhouse and field trials. Although both methods are common practice, they have considerable disadvantages.…”