Cystic fibrosis and COVID-19: Care considerations

Mirza, Alicia A.; Rad, Elika; Mohabir, Paul

doi:10.1016/j.rmcr.2020.101226

Cited by 5 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Of these 28 included studies, 22 were case reports (describing single patients with individual data), two were case series (describing 7–42 patients with aggregate data), and four were cohort studies (describing 4–40 patients with aggregate data). Countries of study publication included the United States (n = 7) [ 7 , 9 , 21 – 25 ], Italy (n = 7) [ 26 – 32 ], Japan (n = 2) [ 33 , 34 ], Iran (n = 2) [ 35 , 36 ], the United Kingdom (n = 2) [ 37 , 38 ], Spain (n = 2) [ 39 , 40 ], Bahrain (n = 1) [ 41 ], China (n = 1) [ 42 ], France (n = 1) [ 43 ], the Philippines (n = 1) [ 44 ], Korea (n = 1) [ 45 ], and Canada (n = 1) [ 46 ], with publication dates ranging from April 15, 2020 to June 16, 2021. Table 1 describes the characteristics of these included studies and available information on their respective patient demographics in detail.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes in patients co-infected with COVID-19 and Staphylococcus aureus: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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Background Endemic to the hospital environment, Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a leading bacterial pathogen that causes deadly infections such as bacteremia and endocarditis. In past viral pandemics, it has been the principal cause of secondary bacterial infections, significantly increasing patient mortality rates. Our world now combats the rapid spread of COVID-19, leading to a pandemic with a death toll greatly surpassing those of many past pandemics. However, the impact of co-infection with S. aureus remains unclear. Therefore, we aimed to perform a high-quality scoping review of the literature to synthesize the existing evidence on the clinical outcomes of COVID-19 and S. aureus co-infection. Methods A scoping review of the literature was conducted in PubMed, Scopus, Ovid MEDLINE, CINAHL, ScienceDirect, medRxiv, and the WHO COVID-19 database using a combination of terms. Articles that were in English, included patients infected with both COVID-19 and S. aureus, and provided a description of clinical outcomes for patients were eligible. From these articles, the following data were extracted: type of staphylococcal species, onset of co-infection, patient sex, age, symptoms, hospital interventions, and clinical outcomes. Quality assessments of final studies were also conducted using the Joanna Briggs Institute’s critical appraisal tools. Results Searches generated a total of 1922 publications, and 28 articles were eligible for the final analysis. Of the 115 co-infected patients, there were a total of 71 deaths (61.7%) and 41 discharges (35.7%), with 62 patients (53.9%) requiring ICU admission. Patients were infected with methicillin-sensitive and methicillin-resistant strains of S. aureus, with the majority (76.5%) acquiring co-infection with S. aureus following hospital admission for COVID-19. Aside from antibiotics, the most commonly reported hospital interventions were intubation with mechanical ventilation (74.8 %), central venous catheter (19.1 %), and corticosteroids (13.0 %). Conclusions Given the mortality rates reported thus far for patients co-infected with S. aureus and COVID-19, COVID-19 vaccination and outpatient treatment may be key initiatives for reducing hospital admission and S. aureus co-infection risk. Physician vigilance is recommended during COVID-19 interventions that may increase the risk of bacterial co-infection with pathogens, such as S. aureus, as the medical community’s understanding of these infection processes continues to evolve.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical outcomes in patients co-infected with COVID-19 and Staphylococcus aureus: a scoping review

et al. 2021

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“… 8 At the initial stages of the pandemic, most specialists thought otherwise—that this category of patients would have worse prognosis. 3 However, the CF registries from eight European countries that described 40 CF patients with confirmed COVID-19 disease have not shown any unique risk factor for acquiring or rendering the illness more severe among this heterogeneous group. 9 Another study from Spain showed CF patients having lower mortality from COVID-19 compared to the general population.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“… 2 Little is known about the effects of COVID-19 disease in cystic fibrosis (CF) cases. 3 Although CF patients always had a higher risk of complications from respiratory viral infections, not much is known if this is also applicable to COVID-19 disease. 4 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

COVID-19 in a Cystic Fibrosis Patient

Lawati¹,

Balushi²,

Salimi³

2023

Oman Med J

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“…This is because of their chronically deteriorating lung function and susceptibility to viral infections, as well as the underlying pathophysiology of their condition and pro-inflammatory and respiratory nature of SARS-CoV-2. [2][3][4][5][6] Thus, this cohort is advised to 'shield' by self-isolating.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

SARS-CoV-2 and Cystic Fibrosis: Expectations Versus Reality, a Literature Review

Bantounou

Plascevic

2021

EMJ Respir

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Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic, is expected to cause severe illness in people with cystic fibrosis (CF). The infection prevalence and clinical outcomes of this patient cohort to SARS-CoV-2 were explored, alongside contributing factors to the observed response. Search terms were entered into Medline/PubMed and Embase databases, with relevant published papers written in English chosen. The COVID-19 trajectory in people with CF (including children) was similar to the general population. Specifically, in Veneto, Italy, the infection rate of people with CF was nearly half compared to the general population (0.19% versus 0.40%, respectively). Similarly, in Spain, the cumulative incidence of COVID-19 was lower compared to the general population: 32/10,000 and 49/10,000 respectively. Likewise, in Belgium 2.7% of patients with CF had SARS-CoV-2 antibodies compared with 4.3% of the general population. Moreover, in Europe, fewer CF–COVID-19 cases and deaths were reported compared to the general population (1.1%, 0.9%; and 3.2%, 2.3%, respectively). Overall, worse outcomes in CF were associated with poorer lung function and post-transplant status. The encouraging response of people with CF to COVID-19 is hypothesised as due to higher levels of anti-inflammatory angiotensin-1-7 and lower levels of pro-inflammatory IL-6 and protease transmembrane serine protease-2, utilised by SARS-CoV-2 to penetrate cells. Additionally, the use of CF medication, chiefly Dornase alfa and CF transmembrane conductance regulator modulators as well as CF cohort characteristics, predominantly younger age, and early isolation might have mitigated COVID-19 severity. Thus, people with CF do not appear to have a higher COVID-19 infection prevalence or worse clinical outcomes compared to the general population.

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Cystic fibrosis and COVID-19: Care considerations

Cited by 5 publications

References 8 publications

Clinical outcomes in patients co-infected with COVID-19 and Staphylococcus aureus: a scoping review

Clinical outcomes in patients co-infected with COVID-19 and Staphylococcus aureus: a scoping review

COVID-19 in a Cystic Fibrosis Patient

SARS-CoV-2 and Cystic Fibrosis: Expectations Versus Reality, a Literature Review

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