Cystic fibrosis in paediatric dental patients

Abstract

Cystic fibrosis is a common genetic disorder and presents challenges to the dental team. This article reviews the necessary considerations for the successful management of paediatric dental patients with cystic fibrosis

Effects of cystic fibrosis on the oral cavity

“…After comparing children with CF with healthy children, studies agree that there was little difference in the primary dentition [14], with statistical significance mostly in the permanent teeth [7], more frequently in the permanent first molars and maxillary central incisors [6]. Teeth that are formed during the embryonic period are less exposed to deterioration factors [3];…”

“…It has been shown that cystic fibrosis may be associated with delayed tooth eruption [14]. It is thought that dental germ development, because of its high sensitivity to systemic disturbances (CFTR dysfunction, systemic conditions, medications used), often acts as a biomarker of systemic involvement [3].…”

“…This can be accomplished by adding butter to foods such as soups, adding creamy rich sauces to meals, and encouraging the child to eat cheese with crackers as a snack [14].…”

“…Dry mouth can be a complaint in patients with CF. Saliva tends to be thick mucus with increased lipid content [14].…”

“…Special attention is also given to parents and caregivers who often tend to overprotect and spoil their children, allowing them too frequent consumption of sweets [7] with the medical concerns that a child with a chronic disease faces, oral health may be perceived as being of lesser importance; thus, the implementation of good dietary and oral hygiene practices may not occur, resulting in an increased risk of caries and gingivitis [14].…”