Cytochemical Demonstration of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Skeletal Cells of the Rat

Silvestrini, G.; Mocetti, P.; Ballanti, P.; Grezia, Renato Di; Bonucci, E.

doi:10.1080/07435809909066134

Cited by 27 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Compatible histologic findings have been reported in meningococcemia and disseminated intravascular coagulation in children [ 16, 291. These findings may also be a direct effect of steroid treatment as the glucocorticoid receptor has been demonstrated in chondrocytes and osteoblasts [33]. In the present study, total weight gain stunted by a mean 520 grams per day in the methylprednisolone treated group.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The effect of long‐term methylprednisolone treatment on the femoral head in growing pigs

Drescher

Jensen

et al. 2002

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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The efTect of long term steroid treatment on coagulation, intraosseous pressure (IOP), femoral head (FH) blood flow, and histology in the normal organism was investigated in this study in growing pigs. From 24 growing female Danish Landrace pigs from 12 litters, 12 animals daily received 100 nig methylprednisolone orally for three months. Their 12 sister pigs served as controls without steroid treatment. Prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT), fibrinogen, and antithrombin 111 levels were recorded in jugular venous blood. Blood flow of the hip regions was measured by means of the radioactive microsphere technique. Metaphyseal and epiphyseal IOP of the left or right proximal femur were measured. Histomorphometry of the left or right FH epiphysis was performed. Major growth inhibition was found in the corticosteroid (CS) treated group. In CS pigs, aPTT was shortened to 500'0 compared to control pigs. Plasma fibrinogen was higher in the CS animals. Total F H blood flow was not digerent while regional blood flow in the cranial subregion of the F H epiphysis was higher in the CS group. Metaphyseal and epiphyseal 1OP of the proximal femur were not different in the CS animals. Histomorphometrically, cancellous bone volume

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

The effect of long‐term methylprednisolone treatment on the femoral head in growing pigs

Drescher

Jensen

et al. 2002

Journal Orthopaedic Research

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“…These findings have been supported by studies that demonstrate GC receptor expression in growth plate chondrocytes and in osteoblasts and osteocytes [32, 33]. Some of the actions of GC, however, may be mediated via IGF-I, and GC may also modify skeletal responses to GH and IGF-I.…”

Section: The Epiphyseal Growth Platementioning

confidence: 70%

Glucocorticoids, Thyroid Hormone and Growth Hormone Interactions: Implications for the Growth Plate

et al. 2001

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Linear growth occurs during childhood and results from endochondral ossification in the growth plate. Prepubertal growth is primarily regulated by growth hormone (GH) and insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I, with important contributions from glucocorticoids (GC) and thyroid hormone (T₃). The somatomedin hypothesis proposed that GH stimulates hepatic IGF-I production, which then regulates growth via IGF-I receptor expressing chondrocytes in an endocrine fashion. Recent studies indicate that locally acting IGF-I is a key determinant of endochondral ossification and that GH, GC and T₃ regulate expression of IGF-I and its receptor in the growth plate directly. Analysis of hormone imbalance during childhood and studies of genetically modified mice provide support for an important GH and IGF-I autocrine/paracrine pathway and for direct effects of GC and T₃ during endochondral ossification. Thus, the epiphyseal growth plate is a key site for convergent hormone action that mediates the control of linear growth.

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“…The presence of GR on osteocytes was demonstrated in rat (Silvestrini et al 1999) and in human (Abu et al 2000). This suggests that the action of GC on osteocyte activity may be directly mediated via the GR.…”

Section: Cortisol-induced Osteocytic Osteolysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortisol mobilizes mineral stores from vertebral skeleton in the European eel: an ancestral origin for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis?

Sbaihi

Rousseau

Baloche

et al. 2009

Journal of Endocrinology

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Endogenous excess cortisol and glucocorticoid (GC) therapy are a major cause of secondary osteoporosis in humans. Intense bone resorption can also be observed in other vertebrates such as migratory teleost fish at the time of reproductive migration and during fasting when large amounts of calcium and phosphate are required. Using a primitive teleost, the European eel, as a model, we investigated whether cortisol could play an ancestral role in the induction of vertebral skeleton demineralization. Different histological and histomorphometric methods were performed on vertebral samples of control and cortisoltreated eels. We demonstrated that cortisol induced a significant bone demineralization of eel vertebrae, as shown by significant decreases of the mineral ratio measured by incineration, and the degree of mineralization measured by quantitative microradiography of vertebral sections. Histology and image analysis of ultrathin microradiographs showed the induction by cortisol of different mechanisms of bone resorption, including periosteocytic osteolysis and osteoclastic resorption. Specificity of cortisol action was investigated by comparison with the effects of sex steroids. Whereas, testosterone had no effect, estradiol induced vertebral skeleton demineralization, an effect related to the stimulated synthesis of vitellogenin (Vg), an oviparous specific phospho-calciolipoprotein. By contrast, the cortisol demineralization effect was not related to any stimulation of Vg. This study demonstrates GC-induced bone demineralization in an adult non-mammalian vertebrate, which undergoes natural bone resorption during its life cycle. Our data suggest that the stimulatory action of cortisol on bone loss may represent an ancestral and conserved endocrine regulation in vertebrates.

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Cytochemical Demonstration of the Glucocorticoid Receptor in Skeletal Cells of the Rat

Cited by 27 publications

References 24 publications

The effect of long‐term methylprednisolone treatment on the femoral head in growing pigs

The effect of long‐term methylprednisolone treatment on the femoral head in growing pigs

Glucocorticoids, Thyroid Hormone and Growth Hormone Interactions: Implications for the Growth Plate

Cortisol mobilizes mineral stores from vertebral skeleton in the European eel: an ancestral origin for glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis?

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