Cytochemical evaluation of metabolic inhibitors in cell culture

Caspersson, T.; Farber, Sidney; Foley, G. E.; Killander, D.; Zetterberg, Anders

doi:10.1016/0014-4827(65)90041-8

Cited by 40 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Caspersson et al (1965) have shown that when murine cells were exposed to 5-fluorodeoxyuridine ribose, a DNA synthesis inhibitor, DNA synthesis stopped and no cells passed from G 1 to S and G 2 phases. In stages II and III of the shoot apices of leafy spurge, RNA synthesis was present in the midsector (S 2 ) even though there was little or no DNA synthesis in the nuclei.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Raju¹,

Ho²

1973

Can. J. Bot.

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Abstract:Analysis of apices at four different developmental stages (progressively older from I to IV) of adventitious shoots of leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula L.) was carried out. In this study, some selected histochemical and autoradiographic techniques were used to study DNA, histone, and RNA changes during vegetative shoot growth. In the early vegetative phases (stages I to III), the DNA distribution and DNA synthesis based on Feulgen stain and thymidine-H 3 incorporation respectively were found to be greater in the peripheral sectors (S 1 and S 3 ) than in the midsector (S 2 ) and consequently the apex showed a characteristic cytozonation. The central zone (S 2 ) showed less DNA staining and the rate of DNA synthesis was slower than that in the peripheral sectors. This central zone, which is often considered as méristème d'attente, cannot be interpreted similarly for there was slow DNA synthesis as indicated by the low incorporation of thymidine-H 3 . It is suggested that the nuclei in S 2 in stages II and III had a longer mitotic cycle than those in S 1 and S 3 . The zonal pattern seen in the early stages disappeared in stage IV. This final stage may be considered as the "intermediate phase" during the transformation of the vegetative apex to the floral apex. The distribution of nucleohistones based on results of alkaline fastgreen staining procedure was similar to that of Feulgen stain for DNA at all four stages. However, when lysine groups in the histone were blocked by acetylation method, the apices showed that the argininerich histone fraction was dominant and uniform in all four stages. This means that in stages II and III, S 2 had less lysine-rich histone fraction than S 1 and S 3 . The nuclei in S 2 in stages II and III had longer mitotic cycle and Page 2 of 17 this was probably due to less lysine-rich histone content. The cytoplasmic RNA observed by following pyronin Y -methyl green staining method and RNA synthesis based on uridine-H 3 incorporation showed no sharp differences among the three sectors of the apex in all four developmental stages. It is interpreted, therefore, that the central zone (S 2 ) in the apex was, although slow, quite active metabolically during the development of the adventitious shoot.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Raju¹,

Ho²

1973

Can. J. Bot.

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“…The selective effect of X-rays on Spathidium in specifically delaying division but not in inhibiting cell growth qualitatively differentiates Spathidium's response from that of Parnmccizrm azrrelia ( 11 ) and Stentor coeruleus (8). Giantism is representative of other cell types-including bacteria ( 1 7 ) , yeasts ( 17), colorless flagellates (13) and mammalian cells in tissue culture (3). Studies on Chilodon uncinatus ( 1 2 ) and Tetrahymena pyrijormis ( 1 4 ) indicate that radiation giants can also occur in these ciliates.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Spathidium spathula ( 18) and Tetrahymena pyriformis ( 14), however, X-rays block division differentially, so that cell size a t division is increased. Similarly, X-ray-induced division blockage causes either giant cells or long filamentous forms among a variety of cell types, including mammalian tissue culture cells (3), Bodo caudatus (13), Escherichia coli ( 1,17) and Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( 17).…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Radiation, Antibiotics and Alkylating Agents on Cell Division and Growth in the Ciliate *Spathidium spathula**

Williams

1968

The Journal of Protozoology

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SYNOPSIS. Spathidium spathula is very sensitive to division inhibition after X‐irradiation. Five kr delivered to animals 1 hr into the cell cycle prolong the period until the next division to about 2 times the normal length. The next 2 cell cycles, however, are shorter than normal, and by the 4th division irradiated cells have recovered the normal division rate. During this division delay, scanning interference microscopy shows that growth in dry mass continues; at the 1st post‐irradiation division the cells average 3 times the normal dry mass. After the 2nd post‐irradiation division, dry mass is 1.5 times the normal amount. Dry mass measurements were not made beyond the 2nd division. Giant cells produced by X‐rays have enlarged macronuclei, indicating that DNA synthesis is not inhibited by a dose of X‐rays that blocks division. Mitomycin C and triethylene melamine, agents which attack or damage DNA, also produce division blockage and giantism in Spathidium. This suggests that damage to DNA in either the macronucleus, the micronucleus or other organelles may be much more effective in delaying cell division than cell growth.

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“…It was found that immune cells which had been treated with this drug in vitro conferred a low but persisting level of protection that was unlike the steeply mounting immunity found in recipients of untreated cells. Since mitomycin C at a low concentration is known to prevent multiplication of cells without impairment of protein synthesis (10), it would seem that optimal protection with immune lymphoid cells depends upon donor cell proliferation in the recipient (1).…”

Section: Effect Of Treatment Of Donors With Single Doses O/drugs a Damentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Cytotoxic Agents on the Passive Transfer of Cell-Mediated Immunity

Tripathy

Mackaness

1969

The Journal of Experimental Medicine

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A system involving the passive transfer of committed lymphoid cells from Listeria-immune donors has been used to study the phases of the immune response which are sensitive to the immunosuppressive action of various cytotoxic agents. The agents investigated included cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, methotrexate, azathioprine, and X-irradiation. Complete suppression of passive immunization was obtained by the administration of cyclophosphamide or vinblastine to recipients at the time of cell transfer or by prior X-irradiation of recipients a day before cell transfer. Methotrexate was only partially suppressive, whereas azathioprine had no effect at all. The donor cell responsible for the transfer of immunity to recipients was shown to be a resting cell which is sensitive to the action of cyclophosphamide but not to vinblastine. The results of this investigation suggest that the donor cells undergo multiplication in the tissues of the recipient, presumably in response to specific stimulation by Listeria antigens. This in turn results in the activation of host macrophages. The immunosuppressive action of cyclophosphamide, vinblastine, and irradiation in the cell-transfer system has been discussed in relation to a direct cytotoxic action on the immune lymphoid cells of the donor and specific interference with their proliferation in the recipient, as well as impairment of macrophage production on the part of the recipient itself.

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Cytochemical evaluation of metabolic inhibitors in cell culture

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Effects of Radiation, Antibiotics and Alkylating Agents on Cell Division and Growth in the Ciliate *Spathidium spathula**

The Effect of Cytotoxic Agents on the Passive Transfer of Cell-Mediated Immunity

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Cytochemical evaluation of metabolic inhibitors in cell culture

Cited by 40 publications

References 33 publications

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Developmental studies on leafy spurge (Euphorbia esula). Histochemical and autoradiographic studies of the adventitious shoot apices

Effects of Radiation, Antibiotics and Alkylating Agents on Cell Division and Growth in the Ciliate Spathidium spathula*

The Effect of Cytotoxic Agents on the Passive Transfer of Cell-Mediated Immunity

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Effects of Radiation, Antibiotics and Alkylating Agents on Cell Division and Growth in the Ciliate *Spathidium spathula**