Cytodiagnosis of epithelioid malignant melanoma (amelanotic) and diagnostic dilemmas

Mondal, Santosh Kumar; Mondal, Palash; Dutta, Sujit

doi:10.4103/0970-9371.151134

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Metastatic melanomas may mimic large tumor cells, showing discrete arrangements, eccentric nuclei in some cells, occasional multinucleation, single to multiple eosinophilic nucleoli, and nuclear pseudo‐inclusions. No pigmentation or minimal residual pigment is observed in the amelanotic type …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pseudoglandular schwannoma mimicking alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A diagnostic challenge on fine‐needle cytology

Bayrak

Vural

Paksoy³

2019

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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Pseudoglandular schwannoma (PGS) is a rare morphological variant of benign schwannoma. PGS is quite distinct from the somewhat better characterized glandular schwannoma variant. PGS is characterized by the presence of gland-like structures lined with pseudocolumnar or cuboidal-like neoplastic Schwann cells lining variably sized cystic space cells. Herein, we describe a rare case of PGS in a 17-year-old adolescent boy with a neck mass 8.5 cm in diameter present for 2 years with a recent increase in size. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) demonstrated abundant rhabdoid-like cuboidal cells, plasmacytoid cells, binucleation, clusters of round to oval cells with scant cytoplasm, and a lack of stromal cells with spindle or oval nuclei. These findings were challenging and were reminiscent of alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma on FNA. Magnetic resonance imaging was also suggestive of malignancy. However, the histologic picture and the immunohistochemical analysis of the resected mass were consisted with PGS. The numerous rhabdoid-like cuboidal neoplastic Schwann cells with a plasmacytoid appearance, paving cystic spaces, and the lack of blunt-ended proliferating stromal cells on smears mimicked alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma on FNA. To our knowledge, cytological features of PGS have not been previously reported. This is the first published report of an unusual PGS case located in the neck region causing a diagnostic dilemma on cytology. K E Y W O R D S alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, fine-needle aspiration cytology, glandular schwannoma, pseudoglandular schwannoma

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Pseudoglandular schwannoma mimicking alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A diagnostic challenge on fine‐needle cytology

Bayrak

Vural

Paksoy³

2019

Diagnostic Cytopathology

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“…By contrast, HMB-45 yields better specificity with poorer sensitivity. [ 9 ] Other MM-associated antigens, such as Melan-A, tyrosinase (T311), and NKIC3, are also diagnostically useful. [ 10 ] AMM is frequently misdiagnosed because of the absence of specific clinical features.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A melanotic malignant melanoma presenting as a keloid

Jia

Wang²,

Song³

et al. 2017

Medicine

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Rationale:Amelanotic malignant melanoma (AMM) is a rare subtype of malignant melanoma (MM) that manifests atypically and is easily misdiagnosed or missed altogether. The keloid type of AMM has rarely been reported. Herein, we provide information to improve the clinical diagnosis of AMM types and raise awareness to ensure early diagnosis and timely treatment.Patient concerns:A 20-year old woman presented with a mass on her left shoulder of 1 year's duration that had been treated surgically. The lesion recurred 1 month before the present case, along with lymph node enlargement on the left supraclavicular fossa.Diagnoses:Histopathology and immunohistochemistry findings suggested AMM.Interventions:The original tumor recurred 1 month later after chemotherapy, and an extended resection and a second round of chemotherapy were performed. However, the patient exhibited suspected epileptic symptoms during chemotherapy and was required to return to the local hospital for treatment.Outcomes:No tumor recurrence occurred within a 6-month follow-up period.Lessons:Early AMM diagnosis has a very significant effect on prognosis. For some persistent and growing proliferative lesions, obliterative treatments should be avoided before a definitive histopathological diagnosis has been made.

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“…Another approach, such as the use of immunocytochemistry targeting Melan-A on the CSF sample, may clarify this and should be considered in the future. A similar technique has been utilized in human cutaneous amelanotic melanoma on fine-needle aspiration cytology [ 24 ].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diagnosis of meningeal melanomatosis in a dog using magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid findings

Huang

Liao

et al. 2021

The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science

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A 13-year-old spayed female Labrador Retriever was presented with severe progressive tetraparesis. The neuroanatomic localization was the C1-C5 spinal cord segments with brainstem or cranial nerve involvement. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed diffuse T1weighted and T2-weighted hyperintense lesions with strong contrast enhancement spreading through meninges of the cervical spinal cord and the brain. Few small round areas showing T1weighted hyperintensity and T2-weighted hypointensity were scattered within the lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed neoplastic round cells and possible melanocytes. Malignant melanoma was suspected. At necropsy, the brain and the entire spinal cord were covered with thick, dark membranous tissue. Based on histopathologic findings, a positive response against Melan-A, and no melanoma identified outside the central nervous system, primary meningeal melanomatosis was diagnosed.

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Cytodiagnosis of epithelioid malignant melanoma (amelanotic) and diagnostic dilemmas

Cited by 5 publications

References 9 publications

Pseudoglandular schwannoma mimicking alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A diagnostic challenge on fine‐needle cytology

Pseudoglandular schwannoma mimicking alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma: A diagnostic challenge on fine‐needle cytology

A melanotic malignant melanoma presenting as a keloid

Diagnosis of meningeal melanomatosis in a dog using magnetic resonance imaging and cerebrospinal fluid findings

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