Cytogenetic Biomonitoring in Buccal Mucosa Cells of COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Findings

Pinto, Thiago Guedes; Alpire, Maria Esther Suarez; Ribeiro, Daniel Araki

doi:10.21873/invivo.12651

Cited by 9 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Our results are consistent with previously published data on DNA damage in severely ill patients with multiple trauma [ 21 ] and sepsis [ 40 ], in which the level of multiple organic dysfunctions has been shown to positively correlated with DNA damage. Similar, Pinto concluded that SARS-CoV-2 virus could promote mutagenesis by increasing in micronuclei-bearing cells in buccal mucosa of 11 patients with COVID-19 [ 41 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of severely ill COVID-19 patients in relation to inflammatory markers and parameters of hemostasis

et al. 2022

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Bearing in the mind that a variety of agents can contribute to genome instability, including viral infections, the aim of this study was to analyze DNA damage in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and its relationship with certain laboratory parameters. The potential impact of applied therapy and chest X-rays on DNA damage was also estimated. The study population included 24 severely COVID-19 patients and 15 healthy control subjects. The level of DNA damage was measured as genetic damage index (GDI) by comet assay. The standard laboratory methods and certified enzymatic reagents for the appropriate autoanalyzers were performed for the determination of the biochemical and hematological parameters. COVID-19 patients had significantly higher level of DNA damage compared with control subjects. The absolute number of neutrophil leukocytes was statistically higher, while the absolute number of lymphocytes was statistically lower in COVID-19 patients than in healthy controls. The analysis of the relationship between DNA damage and laboratory parameters indicated that GDI was positively correlated with interleukin 6 (IL-6) concentration and negatively with platelet count in COVID-19 patients. The level of DNA damage was slightly higher in female patients, in whom it was demonstrated a positive correlation of GDI with C-reactive protein (CRP) and procalcitonin. Likewise, there was a negative relationship of GDI and platelet count, and positive relationship of GDI and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) in female population. The applied therapy (antibiotics, corticosteroid, anticoagulant, and antiviral therapy) as well as chest X rays has been shown to have genotoxic potential. The level of DNA damage significantly corresponds to the inflammatory markers and parameters of hemostasis in COVID-19 patients. In conclusion, inflammation, smoking habit, applied therapy, and chest X rays contribute to a higher level of DNA damage in COVID-19 patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of severely ill COVID-19 patients in relation to inflammatory markers and parameters of hemostasis

et al. 2022

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“…One study was done on the MN frequency in acute SARS-CoV-2 viral infections as a pilot study between COVID-19 infected patients and healthy subjects concluding a significant increase in the number of MN in COVID-19 infected patients and thus proving SARS-CoV-2 is causing cytotoxicity to epithelial cells. [ 27 ] Even to be more specific, the present study was done in symptomatic patients (symptomatic COVID-19 positive and symptomatic COVID-19 negative) and there was a significant increase in MN count thus confirming the cytogenotoxicity of SARS-CoV-2 virus than any other microorganisms causing flu-like illness.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 53%

“…Pinto et al . 2021[ 27 ] showed only karyolytic and karyorrhexic cells were significantly higher in COVID-19 positive patients than in healthy controls. The karyolysis and karyorrhexis, which are induced by SARS-CoV-2, are closely associated with necrosis and apoptosis due to very high insult.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploratory Study on Micronuclei and Metanuclear Abnormalities in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of COVID-19 Suspected Patients

Vishnu,

Murugan,

Kalidoss

et al. 2023

Journal of Cytology

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Context: SARS-CoV-2 virus causes COVID-19 by infecting nasal and oral cavities primarily by attaching its spike proteins to ACE 2 receptors expressed in epithelial cells. Aim: This study was done to evaluate the micronucleated cell count, metanuclear abnormalities, and genotoxic factor in exfoliated buccal mucosal cell among the COVID-19 suspected patients. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted at AIIMS, Mangalagiri, between August and October 2022. Methods: One hundred COVID-19 suspected patients were recruited for this study after obtaining informed and written consent; buccal smear was obtained and stained for papanicolaou test (PAP). The PAP-stained slides were analyzed for micronuclei (MN), pyknotic, karyolytic, and karyorrhexic cell count, respectively. Based on their reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) report, the patients were grouped into COVID-19 positive and negative groups. Statistical Analysis: The genotoxicity factor was calculated using the micronucleated cell count from both the groups using mean and standard deviation. Results: The MN, micronucleated cell, pyknotic, karyolitic, and karyorrhexic cell count in COVID-19 positive patients were 24.12, 15.24, 3.08, 2.88 and 4.40, respectively, than COVID-19 negative patients 5.69, 8.17, 1.08, 1.00 and 2.43, respectively. The genotoxicity factor for SARS-CoV-2 was 2.68 which is a positive genotoxic effect on buccal mucosal cells. Conclusion: SARS-CoV-2 increases the expression of micronucleated cells, pyknotic cells, karyolytic cells, and karyorhexic cells and concludes SARS-CoV-2 is having cytogenotoxic effect on the buccal mucosal cells. This can be used as a reliable marker in identifying the early carcinogenic effects of virus causing COVID-19.

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“…Besides, IHC analysis of lip tissues with blister-like lesions showed that SARS-CoV-2 spike protein was positive in minor salivary acinus and duct cells ( 125 ). Interestingly, micronucleus test demonstrated that the death of oral mucosal cells was induced by SARS-CoV-2 ( 126 ). These indicate that SARS-CoV-2 induces cell death when it infects the salivary glands.…”

Section: Pathogenic Mechanisms In Covid-19mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathogenic Mechanism and Multi-omics Analysis of Oral Manifestations in COVID-19

et al. 2022

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Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a respiratory infectious disease that seriously threatens human life. The clinical manifestations of severe COVID-19 include acute respiratory distress syndrome and multiple organ failure. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causal agent of COVID-19, spreads through contaminated droplets. SARS-CoV-2 particles have been detected in the saliva of COVID-19 patients, implying that the virus can infect and damage the oral cavity. The oral manifestations of COVID-19 include xerostomia and gustatory dysfunction. Numerous studies showed that the four structural proteins of SARS-CoV-2 are its potential pathogenic factors, especially the S protein, which binds to human ACE2 receptors facilitating the entry of the virus into the host cells. Usually, upon entry into the host cell, a pathogen triggers the host’s immune response. However, a mount of multi-omics and immunological analyses revealed that COVID-19 is caused by immune dysregulation. A decrease in the number and phenotypes of immune cells, IFN-1 production and excessive release of certain cytokines have also been reported. In conclusion, this review summarizes the oral manifestations of COVID-19 and multi-omics analysis of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

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Cytogenetic Biomonitoring in Buccal Mucosa Cells of COVID-19 Patients: Preliminary Findings

Cited by 9 publications

References 19 publications

DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of severely ill COVID-19 patients in relation to inflammatory markers and parameters of hemostasis

DNA damage in peripheral blood lymphocytes of severely ill COVID-19 patients in relation to inflammatory markers and parameters of hemostasis

Exploratory Study on Micronuclei and Metanuclear Abnormalities in Exfoliated Buccal Cells of COVID-19 Suspected Patients

Pathogenic Mechanism and Multi-omics Analysis of Oral Manifestations in COVID-19

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