Cytogenetic effect of malathion in in vitro culture of human peripheral blood

Balaji, Muthukrishnan Saravana; Sasikala, K.

doi:10.1016/0165-7992(93)90050-6

Cited by 31 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Cytogenetic effects of malathion have been evaluated in different test systems using the structural chromosome aberration assay. Balaji et al [21] reported a significant dose-related increase in chromosomal aberrations, and sister-chromatid exchanges in human peripheral blood following exposure to malathion at nominal concentrations of 0.02, 0.2, 2 and 20 μg/mL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This decrease might be due to a slower progression of cells from S (DNA synthesis) phase to M (mitosis) phase of the cell-cycle. Comparable research has indicated that human peripheral leukocytes treated with various concentrations of malathion led to a significant decrease in mitotic index in all study concentrations [21]. Another study of exposed cotton field workers exhibited cell cycle delay and a decrease in mitotic index as opposed to the control group [32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytogenetic evaluation of malathion-induced toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Moore

Patlolla

Tchounwou

2011

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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Malathion is a well known pesticide and is commonly used in many agricultural and non-agricultural settings. Its toxicity has been attributed primarily to the accumulation of acetylcholine (Ach) at nerve junctions, due to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and consequently overstimulation of the nicotinic and muscarinic receptors. However, the genotoxicity of malathion has not been adequately studied; published studies suggest a weak interaction with the genetic material. In the present study, we investigated the genotoxic potential of malathion in bone marrow cells and peripheral blood obtained from Sprague-Dawley rats; using chromosomal aberrations (CA), mitotic index (MI), and DNA damage as toxicological endpoints. Four groups of four male rats each, weighing approximately 60 ± 2 g, were injected intraperitoneally (i.p.) once a day for five days with doses of 2.5, 5, 10, and 20 mg/kg body weight (BW) of malathion dissolved in 1% DMSO. The control group was made up of four animals injected with 1% DMSO. All the animals were sacrificed 24 h after the fifth day treatment. Chromosome preparations were obtained from bone marrow cells following standard protocols. DNA damage in peripheral blood leukocytes was determined using alkaline single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet assay). Malathion exposure significantly increased the number of structural chromosomal aberrations (CA) and the percentages of DNA damage, and decreased the mitotic index (MI) in treated groups when compared with the control group. Our results demonstrate that malathion has a clastogenic/genotoxic potential as measured by the bone marrow CA and comet assay in Sprague-Dawley rats.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic evaluation of malathion-induced toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Moore

Patlolla

Tchounwou

2011

Mutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagene

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“…Cytogenetic damage related to pesticide exposure has been reported in various populations. Some investigators have reported significant differences in the percentage of CAs in exposed individuals (range, 2.66-10.30%) compared with control (range, 0.53-5.52%) (Balaji and Sasikala 1993;Brega et al 1998;De Ferrari et al 1991;Joksic et al 1997; Kourakis et al 1992;Rupa and Reddi 1991;Yoder et al 1973); others have not (de Cassia Stocco et al 1982;Hoyos et al 1996;Steenland et al 1986).…”

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confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic Monitoring in a Population Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Ecuador

Paz‐y‐Miño¹,

Bustamante²,

Sánchez³

et al. 2002

Environ Health Perspect

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“…Aberrations induced by dicapthon may be the results of clastogenic action of the chemical by breaking the phosphodiester backbone of DNA. Some studies concerning malathion (Balaji and Sasikala 1993), methyl parathion (Kumar et al 1993), baytex-1,000 (Yadav and Kaushik 2002), atrazine (Kligerman et al 2000), cypermethrin (Undeger and Başaran 2005), afugan (Yüzbaşıoglu et al 2006), profenofos (Prabhavathy et al 2006), acephate (Ö zkan et al 2009) and thiacloprid (Kocaman et al 2012) showed that pesticides may have genotoxic potential in human lymphocytes. Dicapthon significantly decreased MI in a dose dependent manner.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of dicapthon insecticide

Liman

2014

Cytotechnology

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Mutagenic and genotoxic effects of dicapthon were investigated by using the bacterial reverse mutation assay in Salmonella typhimurium TA97, TA98, TA100 and TA102 strains with or without metabolic activation system (S9 mix), and chromosome aberrations (CAs), sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs), and micronucleus (MN) tests in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Dicapthon was dissolved in dimethyl sulfoxide for all test systems. 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 lg/plate doses of dicapthon were found to be weakly mutagenic on S. typhimurium TA 98 without S9 mix. The human peripheral lymphocytes were treated with four experimental concentrations of dicapthon (25, 50, 100, and 200 lg/mL) for 24 and 48 h. Dicapthon increased the frequency of SCE only at the 100 lg/mL concentration for the 24 and 48 h applications. Dicapthon also induced abnormal cell frequency, CA/cell ratio and frequency of MN dose dependently for 24 and 48 h. Dicapthon showed a statistically significant cytotoxic effect by decreasing the mitotic index in all concentrations and a cytostatic effect by decreasing nuclear division index in 100 and 200 lg/mL concentrations for both treatment periods when compared with both untreated and solvent controls. These values decreased also in a dose dependent manner.

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Cytogenetic effect of malathion in in vitro culture of human peripheral blood

Cited by 31 publications

References 11 publications

Cytogenetic evaluation of malathion-induced toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Cytogenetic evaluation of malathion-induced toxicity in Sprague-Dawley rats

Cytogenetic Monitoring in a Population Occupationally Exposed to Pesticides in Ecuador

Mutagenicity and genotoxicity of dicapthon insecticide

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