CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS <i>HORDEUM</i> VI. THE <i>MURINUM-COMPLEX</i>

Rajhathy, Tibor; Morrison, J. W.

doi:10.1139/g62-029

Cited by 43 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…murinum (2n =4x=28) and ssp. leporinum (2n =4x =28) were generally in agreement with Morrison (1958), Rajhathy & Morrison (1962) and Linde-Laursen et al (1989) with 11 metacentric chromosome pairs and three SAT chromosome pairs (Figure 2b and c). The karyotypes of these subspecies are outstanding among the Hordeum karyotypes for their lack of submetacentric chromosomes and small range of variation in size and morphology.…”

Section: Physical Mapping In Wild Species Of Hordeum By Fishsupporting

confidence: 68%

Physical mapping of repetitive DNA sequences and 5S and 18S–26S rDNA in five wild species of the genusHordeum

Bustos¹,

Cuadrado

Soler³

et al. 1996

Chromosome Res

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The genetic relationships between several wild species and subspecies of the genus Hordeum were assessed using fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Plant material included natural populations of wild barley growing in Spain of the annual species, H. marinum ssp. marinum (2n = 14) and gussoneanum (2n = 14), and H. murinum ssp. murinum (2n = 28), and leporinum (2n = 28) and the perennial species H. bulbosum (2n = 14) and H. secalinum (2n = 28), plus the South American perennial species H. chilense (2n = 14). FISH was used to locate the chromosomal sites of two rDNA multigene families 5S and 18S-26S (pTa71 and pTa794) and three repetitive DNA sequences (pSc119.2, pAs1 and pHch950) isolated from different species and genera. The seven chromosomes of the diploid species were readily distinguished by their external morphology and hybridization patterns to pTa71, pTa794, pSc119.2 and pAs1. These DNA probes were also useful for the identification of homologous chromosomes and in differentiating these from unidentified chromosomes in the tetraploid taxa. The use of the probe pHch950 permitted intergenomic differentiation in tetraploids and supports the diphyletic origin of H. murinum and H. secalinum. The in situ experiments yielded the following conclusions: (1) differences between the sub-species marinum and gussoneanum; (2) close relationships between the subspecies murinum and leporinum; and (3) major differences in physical mapping between H. bulbosum and the remaining taxa. The genomic and phylogenetic relationships between taxa, as inferred from the results, are discussed.

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Section: Physical Mapping In Wild Species Of Hordeum By Fishsupporting

confidence: 68%

Physical mapping of repetitive DNA sequences and 5S and 18S–26S rDNA in five wild species of the genusHordeum

Bustos¹,

Cuadrado

Soler³

et al. 1996

Chromosome Res

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“…Under the influence of the biological species concept and to evaluate the possibility to use genetic diversity in wild species for crop breeding, during the 1960s crossing experiments started and pollen and seed fertility and viability of hybrids were analyzed (e.g., Rajhathy and Morrison 1959, 1962, Liu and Schooler 1965, Subrahmanyam 1978, Bothmer and Jacobsen 1986. These interspecific crosses resulted in the definition of different grass genomes occurring in Triticeae (Dewey 1984, Löve 1984, based on chromosome pairing in hybrids and karyological analyses of, e.g., C-banding patterns.…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analyses In Hordeummentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Karyotype definitions using chromosome morphology (e.g., Rajhathy and Morrison 1962) were followed by more advanced methods involving chromosome characterization by banding technologies. For Fig.…”

Section: Cytological Analyses Within Hordeummentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Blattner

2009

Breed. Sci.

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During the last decade several phylogenetic studies of Hordeum were published using a multitude of loci from the chloroplast and nuclear genomes. In many studies taxon sampling was not representative and, thus, does not allow the inference of relationships among species. Generally, chloroplast data seem not suitable for reliable phylogenetic results, as far reaching incomplete lineage sorting result in nearly arbitrary species relationships within narrow species groups, depending on the individuals included in the analyses. Nuclear loci initially resulted at contradictory phylogenetic hypotheses. However, combining at least three nuclear loci in total evidence analyses finally provides consistent relationships among Hordeum species groups, and supports data from earlier cytological and karyological studies. Thus, recently published phylogenies agree on the monophyly of the four Hordeum genome groups (H, I, Xa, Xu), monophyly of the H/Xu and I/Xa groups, and separation between Asian and American members within the I-genome group. A new infrageneric classification of Hordeum is proposed, dividing the genus in subgenus Hordeum comprising sections Hordeum and Trichostachys, and subgenus Hordeastrum with sections Marina, Nodosa, and Stenostachys. The latter consists of two series reflecting the geographical distribution of the taxa, i.e. series Sibirica with Central Asian taxa and series Critesion comprising native taxa from the Americas. In section Nodosa all allopolyploid taxa are grouped, which are characterized by I/Xa genome combinations.

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“…H. murinum possessing a center of diversity in Mediterranean region, is an annual, inbreeding di-, tetra-and hexaploid species occurring with three subspecies: murinum (2n = 4x = 28), glaucum (Steudel) Tzvelev (2n = 2x = 14), and leporinum (Link) Arcangeli (2n = 4x,6x = 28,42). Due to the high morphological similarities between the subspecies, they are frequently referred to as "murinum complex" (Rajhathy & Morrison 1962; whereas others considered each subspecies as a distinct species (Bor 1970;Baum & Bailey 1984a, b, 1990. Populations of subspesies glaucum and leporinum grow in Iran in different habitats with a vast range of environmental conditions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The auto-or allopolyploid origin of polyploid cytotypes within this complex was subject of many systematic and phylogenetic studies. Rajhathy & Morrison (1962) and Bothmer et al (1987Bothmer et al ( , 1988Bothmer et al ( , 1995 believed that the tetra and hexaploid cytotypes of H. murinum are autopolyploid, whereas Blattner (2004), Jakob & Blattner (2010), Tanno et al (2010) and Ourari et al (2011) provided evidences for allopolyploidy origin of 4x and 6x cytotypes.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity and geographic distribution of variation of Hordeum murinum as revealed by retroelement insertional polymorphisms in Iran

2014

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Hordem murinum is a widespread weedy/wild species, growing in different ecological conditions in Iran. Populations of H. murinum subsp. glaucum (2n = 2x = 14) and subsp. leporinum (2n = 4x, 6x = 28, 42) are found in this region. Inter-retroelement amplified polymorphism (IRAP) markers were used to analyse the genetic diversity of 57 accessions of H. murinum from different regions of Iran, and to examine patterns of diversity related to the taxonomy and geography. Eight IRAP primer combinations amplified a total of 241 distinct DNA fragments sized 150-1400 bp, from which 236 (97.9%) were polymorphic. On average, each primer combination amplified about 30.12 fragments (ranged from 23 to 34) in PCR. The patterns of genetic diversity were closely correlated with taxonomic groups, ploidy levels and geographic origin. Along with the high genetic diversity, three geographic sub-genepools were evident, 1: in the North-Northeast region along the Alborz Mountains, 2: in the West-Northwest region along the Zagros Mountains, and 3: in the Central -Southern region. The genetic diversity in diploids was higher than polyploids. Also genetic diversity in W-NW region along the Zagros Mountains was considerably higher than that of the other regions.

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CYTOGENETIC STUDIES IN THE GENUS HORDEUM VI. THE MURINUM-COMPLEX

Cited by 43 publications

References 2 publications

Physical mapping of repetitive DNA sequences and 5S and 18S–26S rDNA in five wild species of the genusHordeum

Physical mapping of repetitive DNA sequences and 5S and 18S–26S rDNA in five wild species of the genusHordeum

Progress in phylogenetic analysis and a new infrageneric classification of the barley genus Hordeum (Poaceae: Triticeae)

Genetic diversity and geographic distribution of variation of Hordeum murinum as revealed by retroelement insertional polymorphisms in Iran

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