Cytokine Targeting by miRNAs in Autoimmune Diseases

Salvi, Valentina; Gianello, Veronica; Tiberio, Laura; Sozzani, Silvano; Bosisio, Daniela

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00015

Cited by 102 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…Autoimmune diseases are associated with enhanced pro-inflammatory signals in the periphery and CNS (33–37). The location of the enhanced inflammation varies with the type of autoimmune disease and the progression of the condition.…”

Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders

2019

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Profound and debilitating fatigue is the most common complaint reported among individuals with autoimmune disease, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, celiac disease, chronic fatigue syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. Fatigue is multi-faceted and broadly defined, which makes understanding the cause of its manifestations especially difficult in conditions with diverse pathology including autoimmune diseases. In general, fatigue is defined by debilitating periods of exhaustion that interfere with normal activities. The severity and duration of fatigue episodes vary, but fatigue can cause difficulty for even simple tasks like climbing stairs or crossing the room. The exact mechanisms of fatigue are not well-understood, perhaps due to its broad definition. Nevertheless, physiological processes known to play a role in fatigue include oxygen/nutrient supply, metabolism, mood, motivation, and sleepiness—all which are affected by inflammation. Additionally, an important contributing element to fatigue is the central nervous system—a region impacted either directly or indirectly in numerous autoimmune and related disorders. This review describes how inflammation and the central nervous system contribute to fatigue and suggests potential mechanisms involved in fatigue that are likely exhibited in autoimmune and related diseases.

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Section: Inflammationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders

2019

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“…It has also been evidenced that SP-active molecules are responsible for eliciting an endometrial cytokine expression [ 7 ], modulating the maternal immune tolerance toward the conceptus [ 59 ] and conditioning the success of pregnancy. Since miRNAs have also been postulated as regulators of cytokine expression [ 60 ], it is reasonable to suggest that such expression in the female reproductive tract is modulated by the miRNAs identified in our study. Related to this, CXCL5 , IL1RAP and IL5RA were found among the genes targeted by three dysregulated miRNAs (miR-4776-3p (down), miR-34b (down) and miR-574-5p (up), respectively) identified in uterine-media.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Seminal Plasma Modulates miRNA Expression by Sow Genital Tract Lining Explants

et al. 2020

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The seminal plasma (SP) modulates the female reproductive immune environment after mating, and microRNAs (miRNAs) could participate in the process. Considering that the boar ejaculate is built by fractions differing in SP-composition, this study evaluated whether exposure of mucosal explants of the sow internal genital tract (uterus, utero-tubal junction and isthmus) to different SP-fractions changed the profile of explant-secreted miRNAs. Mucosal explants retrieved from oestrus sows (n = 3) were in vitro exposed to: Medium 199 (M199, Control) or M199 supplemented (1:40 v/v) with SP from the sperm-rich fraction (SRF), the post-SRF or the entire recomposed ejaculate, for 16 h. After, the explants were cultured in M199 for 24 h to finally collect the media for miRNA analyses using GeneChip miRNA 4.0 Array (Affymetrix). Fifteen differentially expressed (False Discovery Rate (FDR) < 0.05 and Fold-change ≥ 2) miRNAs (11 down- versus 4 up-regulated) were identified (the most in the media of uterine explants incubated with SP from post-SRF). Bioinformatics analysis identified that predicted target genes of dysregulated miRNAs, mainly miR-34b, miR-205, miR-4776-3p and miR-574-5p, were involved in functions and pathways related to immune response. In conclusion, SP is able to elicit changes in the miRNAs profile secreted by female genital tract, ultimately depending SP-composition.

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“…), in a model of cell injury involving LPS-treated lung fibroblast MRC-5 (Cong et al, 2019). miRNA-132 upregulation leads to decreased expression of the inflammatory cytokines IL1β, IL6 and TNFα (Salvi et al, 2019). Similarly, NGR1was also found to upregulate miR-181a in LPS-induced inflammatory damaged WI-38 lung fibroblasts, leading to decreased mRNA and protein expression of IL1β, IL6 and TNFα (Qian et al, 2019).…”

Section: Ginsengmentioning

confidence: 94%

Nutraceutical Targeting of Inflammation-Modulating microRNAs in Severe Forms of COVID-19: A Novel Approach to Prevent the Cytokine Storm

et al. 2020

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The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has become the number one health problem worldwide. As of August 2020, it has affected more than 18 million humans and caused over 700,000 deaths worldwide. COVID-19 is an infectious disease that can lead to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Under certain circumstances, the viral infection leads to excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory response, which is associated with the massive release of inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary alveolar structures. This phenomenon has been referred to as the “cytokine storm,” and it is closely linked to lung injury, acute respiratory syndrome and mortality. Unfortunately, there is currently no vaccine available to prevent the infection, and no effective treatment is available to reduce the mortality associated with the severe form of the disease. The cytokine storm associate with COVID-19 shows similarities with those observed in other pathologies such as sepsis, acute respiratory distress syndrome, acute lung injury and other viral infection including severe cases of influenza. However, the specific mechanisms that cause and modulate the cytokine storm in the different conditions remain to be determined. micro-RNAs are important regulators of gene expression, including key inflammatory cytokines involved in the massive recruitment of immune cells to the lungs such as IL1β, IL6, and TNFα. In recent years, it has been shown that nutraceutical agents can modulate the expression of miRs involved in the regulation of cytokines in various inflammatory diseases. Here we review the potential role of inflammatory-regulating-miRs in the cytokine storm associated with COVID-19, and propose that nutraceutical agents may represent a supportive therapeutic approach to modulate dysregulated miRs in this condition, providing benefits in severe respiratory diseases.

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Cytokine Targeting by miRNAs in Autoimmune Diseases

Cited by 102 publications

References 76 publications

Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders

Fatigue, Sleep, and Autoimmune and Related Disorders

Seminal Plasma Modulates miRNA Expression by Sow Genital Tract Lining Explants

Nutraceutical Targeting of Inflammation-Modulating microRNAs in Severe Forms of COVID-19: A Novel Approach to Prevent the Cytokine Storm

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