Cytokines and Maternal Omega-3 LCPUFAs Supplementation

Rodriguez-Santana, Yessica; Quintana, Luis Peña

doi:10.5772/intechopen.86402

Cited by 1 publication

(2 citation statements)

References 133 publications

(116 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In poor settings, the lack of quality proteins affects BM cytokine levels [19]. There is also evidence that maternal intake of n-3 LCPUFAs reduces BM pro-inflammatory cytokines and increases anti-inflammatory cytokines [1], while other studies do not show a modification with this supplementation [20,65]. However, a relationship between n-3 LCPUFA supplementation and plasma anti-inflammatory profiles has usually been demonstrated [66][67][68][69].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Maternal and Neonatal Factors Modulating Breast Milk Cytokines in the First Month of Lactation

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Breast milk (BM) cytokines support and modulate infant immunity, being particularly relevant in premature neonates with adverse outcomes (NAO). This study aimed to examine, in a cohort of Spanish breastfeeding women, changes in BM cytokines in the first month of lactation, their modulation by neonatal factors (sex, gestational age, and NAO), maternal factors (obstetric complications, C-section, and diet), and their relationship with oxidative status. Sixty-three mother-neonate dyads were studied at days 7 and 28 of lactation. Dietary habits were assessed by a 72-h dietary recall, and the maternal dietary inflammatory index (mDII) was calculated. BM cytokines (IL-10, IL-13, IL-8, MCP-1, and TNFα) were assessed by ultra-sensitive chemiluminescence. Total antioxidant capacity was assessed by the ABTS method and lipid peroxidation by the MDA+HNE kit. From days 7 to 28 of lactation, the levels of IL-10 and TNFα remained stable, while IL-13 increased (β = 0.85 ± 0.12, p < 0.001) and IL-8 and MCP-1 levels decreased (β = −0.64 ± 0.27, p = 0.019; β = −0.98 ± 0.22, p < 0.001; respectively). Antioxidant capacity and lipid peroxidation also decrease during lactation. Neonatal sex did not influence any of the cytokines, but BM from mothers with male infants had a higher antioxidant capacity. Gestational age was associated with male sex and NAO, being inversely correlated with the BM proinflammatory cytokines IL-8, MCP-1, and TNFα. From days 7 to 28 of lactation, BM from women with NAO infants increased MCP-1 levels and had a larger drop in antioxidant capacity, with the opposite trend in lipid peroxidation. MCP-1 was also significantly higher in women undergoing C-section; this cytokine declined in women who decreased mDII during lactation, while IL-10 increased. Linear mixed regression models evidenced that the most important factors modulating BM cytokines were lactation period and gestational age. In conclusion, during the first month of lactation, BM cytokines shift towards an anti-inflammatory profile, influenced mainly by prematurity. BM MCP-1 is associated with maternal and neonatal inflammatory processes.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, data regarding their role is still inconsistent. Some studies show that maternal Western diets low in omega (n-3) LCPUFAs decrease the levels of BM anti-inflammatory cytokines [20], while others do not evidence an influence [21]. In this context, the use of a diet inflammatory index (DII) score may be useful [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%