Cytokinin affects stability of complex plastid transcripts in cytokinin-sensitive moss mutants

Kruse, Sven; Quast, Sabine; Ipsen, A; Reutter, K.; Reski, Ralf

doi:10.1016/0168-9452(95)04268-7

Cited by 9 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…As we analysed accumulation patterns of individual polypeptides, our present experiments cannot provide evidence for cytokinin-induced changes in overall activity of ATPase, of the oxygen-evolving complex or of PGK. Apparently, cytokinin acts at the different levels of gene expression: in the moss we found a cytokinin-promoted maturation of complex plastid transcripts (Kruse et al 1995) as well as enhanced transcript abundances of a plastid monocistronic gene (rbcL, Reski et al 1991). However, the abundance of the large subunit of Rubisco did not vary appreciably upon cytokinin treatment in our present study, demonstrating once more that transcript amounts do not necessarily reflect protein amounts.…”

Section: Exogenous Cytokinin Cures a Developmental Moss Mutantmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…One of the few exceptions are developmental mutants of the moss Physcomitrella patens which are impeded in chloroplast division and/or in cellular differentiation (Reski et al 1991). Recently, we found that two of these mutants accumulate immature plastid transcripts and that addition of cytokinin promotes maturation of these transcripts (Kruse et al 1995). However, these reports left two questions unaddressed.…”

Section: Exogenous Cytokinin Cures a Developmental Moss Mutantmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Division of the mutant macrochloroplast can be induced by exogenous cytokinin ), this being accompanied by a transient accumulation of some plastid polypeptides and an increase in rbcL-transcript abundance (Reski et al 1991). Furthermore, cytokinin promotes maturation of several plastid transcripts during cellular differentiation of developmental moss mutants (Kruse et al 1995). These results point to an important role of plastids in cytokinin action and prompted us to analyse the hormone effect on proteins in wild-type and mutant chloroplasts.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Kasten

Buck

Nuske

et al. 1997

Planta

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Cytokinins induce two specific morphological alterations in mosses: (i) the differentiation of a tip-growing cell into a three-faced apical cell (the so-called bud), and (ii) the division of chloroplasts. In a developmental mutant of the moss Physcomitrella patens (Hedw.) B.S.G. (mutant PC22) impeded in both cellular differentiation (bud production) and chloroplast division, addition of cytokinin (N6-delta 2-isopentenyladenine) led to bud production after 3 d in the wild type and after 7 d in the mutant. Hormone induced a division of the mutant macrochloroplasts starting within 24 h and ongoing for 72 h. During this period the abundances of several plastid proteins changed in both genotypes as judged by two-dimensional-protein gel electrophoresis, silver staining and subsequent quantification with novel computer software. Eight of these polypeptides were isolated independently, subjected to microsequencing and thus identified, resulting in the first protein sequence data from a moss. Three polypeptides (24 kDa, 22 kDa, 20 kDa) were found to be homologous to enhancer protein OEE2 of the oxygen-evolving complex, four to represent isoforms of phosphoglycerate kinase (EC 2.7.2.3), and one was identified as the beta-chain of chloroplast ATPase (EC 3.6.1.34). Possible involvement of these key enzymes of the chloroplast energy-conversion machinery in organelle division and in cellular differentiation is discussed. Further sequence information was obtained from both subunits of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (EC 4.1.1.39). Amounts of these polypeptides were not appreciably affected by cytokinin in moss chloroplasts.

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Section: Exogenous Cytokinin Cures a Developmental Moss Mutantmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Exogenous Cytokinin Cures a Developmental Moss Mutantmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Kasten

Buck

Nuske

et al. 1997

Planta

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“…A more detailed analysis revealed that not only cytokinin but also illumination and the experimental daytime in¯uenced transcript stabilities of this gene and three other plastome-encoded genes (atpA, psbA, psbB). This eect was especially evident in two dierent cytokinin-sensitive developmental mutants (Kruse et al 1995a). From mutant analysis it was concluded that altered mRNA stability in these mutants was dependent on the mutation in budding, a nuclear gene governing cytokinin-induced cell dierentiation (Kruse et al 1995a).…”

Section: Plastid Dnamentioning

confidence: 98%

Molecular genetics of Physcomitrella

Reski¹

1999

Planta

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“…Molecular research has, for example, yielded evidence for conserved synteny of plastid DNA gene order among Physcomitrella patens and higher plants (Calie and Hughes 1987). Lately Physcomitrella has convincingly been demonstrated to be a system amenable to modern molecular and genetic analysis (Schaefer et al 1991;Reski et al 1994Reski et al , 1998Kruse et al 1995;von Schwartzenberg et al 1998;Cho et al 1999;Kranz et al 2000;Schulz et al 2000). The use of moss as an appropriate model for plant biology has been underscored by analysis of a set of moss EST clones which revealed a high degree of sequence conservation at the nucleotide level between Physcomitrella and all types of seed plants.…”

Section: Physcomitrella -A Tool For Plant Functional Genomicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant functional genomics

Holtorf

Guitton

Reski

2002

Naturwissenschaften

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114

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Functional genome analysis of plants has entered the high-throughput stage. The complete genome information from key species such as Arabidopsis thaliana and rice is now available and will further boost the application of a range of new technologies to functional plant gene analysis. To broadly assign functions to unknown genes, different fast and multiparallel approaches are currently used and developed. These new technologies are based on known methods but are adapted and improved to accommodate for comprehensive, large-scale gene analysis, i.e. such techniques are novel in the sense that their design allows researchers to analyse many genes at the same time and at an unprecedented pace. Such methods allow analysis of the different constituents of the cell that help to deduce gene function, namely the transcripts, proteins and metabolites. Similarly the phenotypic variations of entire mutant collections can now be analysed in a much faster and more efficient way than before. The different methodologies have developed to form their own fields within the functional genomics technological platform and are termed transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics and phenomics. Gene function, however, cannot solely be inferred by using only one such approach. Rather, it is only by bringing together all the information collected by different functional genomic tools that one will be able to unequivocally assign functions to unknown plant genes. This review focuses on current technical developments and their impact on the field of plant functional genomics. The lower plant Physcomitrella is introduced as a new model system for gene function analysis, owing to its high rate of homologous recombination.

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Cytokinin affects stability of complex plastid transcripts in cytokinin-sensitive moss mutants

Cited by 9 publications

References 43 publications

Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Cytokinin affects nuclear- and plastome-encoded energy-converting plastid enzymes

Molecular genetics of Physcomitrella

Plant functional genomics

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