Cytokinin Oxidase Regulates Rice Grain Production

Ashikari, Motoyuki; Sakakibara, Hitoshi; Lin, Shaoyang; Yamamoto, Tetsuro; Takashi, Tomonori; Nishimura, Akio; Ángeles, Enrique; Qian, Qian; Kitano, Hidemi; Matsuoka, Makoto

doi:10.1126/science.1113373

Cited by 1,615 publications

(1,365 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In this region, four genes were identified with large-effect SNP and/or indels (Supplementary Table 25). GO analysis implicated all four genes in plant development, and work in other species has shown these genes to be either directly or indirectly involved in cytokinin metabolism 42,43 . The identification of largeeffect SNP and/or indels between G. soja and assembly and annotation to deal with highly similar transposable elements and other abundant repetitive sequences, heterozygosity and polyploidy 44 .…”

Section: Npgmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits

et al. 2014

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Wild relatives of crops are an important source of genetic diversity for agriculture, but their gene repertoire remains largely unexplored. We report the establishment and analysis of a pan-genome of Glycine soja, the wild relative of cultivated soybean Glycine max, by sequencing and de novo assembly of seven phylogenetically and geographically representative accessions. Intergenomic comparisons identified lineage-specific genes and genes with copy number variation or large-effect mutations, some of which show evidence of positive selection and may contribute to variation of agronomic traits such as biotic resistance, seed composition, flowering and maturity time, organ size and final biomass. Approximately 80% of the pan-genome was present in all seven accessions (core), whereas the rest was dispensable and exhibited greater variation than the core genome, perhaps reflecting a role in adaptation to diverse environments. This work will facilitate the harnessing of untapped genetic diversity from wild soybean for enhancement of elite cultivars.

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Section: Npgmentioning

confidence: 99%

De novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits

et al. 2014

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“…WUS in turn directly represses the expression of some type A cytokinin response regulators in a feedback loop that regulates stem cell number in Arabidopsis shoot meristem (Leibfried et al, 2005;Gordon et al, 2009). The importance of cytokinin levels for the size and determinacy of rice FMs is clearly illustrated by the phenotypes of log and ckx2 mutants in cytokinin metabolism (Ashikari et al, 2005;Kurakawa et al, 2007). OsMADS1 expression in the meristem center of florets undergoing organ differentiation and the indeterminate phenotype of OsMADS1 knockdown florets made it plausible that OsMADS1 modulates the cytokinin pathway.…”

Section: Osmads1 Negatively Regulates Cytokinin Signaling In Florets mentioning

confidence: 99%

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

2013

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SEPALLATA (SEP) MADS box transcription factors mediate floral development in association with other regulators. Mutants in five rice (Oryza sativa) SEP genes suggest both redundant and unique functions in panicle branching and floret development. LEAFY HULL STERILE1/OsMADS1, from a grass-specific subgroup of LOFSEP genes, is required for specifying a single floret on the spikelet meristem and for floret organ development, but its downstream mechanisms are unknown. Here, key pathways and directly modulated targets of OsMADS1 were deduced from expression analysis after its knockdown and induction in developing florets and by studying its chromatin occupancy at downstream genes. The negative regulation of OsMADS34, another LOFSEP gene, and activation of OsMADS55, a SHORT VEGETATIVE PHASE-like floret meristem identity gene, show its role in facilitating the spikelet-to-floret meristem transition. Direct regulation of other transcription factor genes like OsHB4 (a class III homeodomain Leu zipper member), OsBLH1 (a BEL1-like homeodomain member), OsKANADI2, OsKANADI4, and OsETTIN2 show its role in meristem maintenance, determinacy, and lateral organ development. We found that the OsMADS1 targets OsETTIN1 and OsETTIN2 redundantly ensure carpel differentiation. The multiple effects of OsMADS1 in promoting auxin transport, signaling, and auxin-dependent expression and its direct repression of three cytokinin A-type response regulators show its role in balancing meristem growth, lateral organ differentiation, and determinacy. Overall, we show that OsMADS1 integrates transcriptional and signaling pathways to promote rice floret specification and development.Patterning an angiosperm flower requires the combined and individual functions of class A, B, C, D, and E MADS box transcription factors (Krizek and Fletcher, 2005;Thompson and Hake, 2009). In Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), the class E activity is conferred by four redundant proteins, SEPALLATA1 (SEP1), SEP2, SEP3, and SEP4, that are cofactors in complexes with other MADS box factors that determine floral organ identities and meristem determinacy (Pelaz et al., 2000). Studies on loss-and gain-of-function mutants in SEP genes together with protein interaction analyses point to their pivotal role in mediating interactions among other floral organ-patterning genes (Honma and Goto, 2001;Ditta et al., 2004;Immink et al., 2009). The largely shared functions of Arabidopsis SEP genes differ from observations that homologs in other plants often have discrete roles in floral development (Malcomber and Kellogg, 2005), but the molecular mechanism underlying their species-specific roles is not well studied. In addition to the ABCDE class of organ fate regulators, a number of hormone signaling pathways influence floral transition, organ numbers, fertility, and floral meristem (FM) determinacy. Dynamic interactions are reported between transcription factors and specific hormone signaling factors during the establishment of Arabidopsis FMs (Sessions et al., 1997;Leibfried et al., ...

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“…Plants with elevated cytokinins showed an imbalance between shoot and root growth. Studies in different plant species showed enhanced cytokinin biosynthesis resulted in high shoot formation, reproductive organs and thus productivity (Medford et al 1989, Ashikari et al 2005. Cytokinins have also been shown to involve a more rapid recovery of growth after drought stress (DaCosta & Huang 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of varied water regimes on root length, dry matter partitioning and endogenous plant growth regulators in sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.)

Rauf

Sadaqat

2007

Journal of Plant Interactions

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A field experiment was conducted to quantify the effect of varied water regimes on root length, partitioning of dry matter and plant growth regulators by using sunflower genotypes differing in maturity and drought tolerance. Significant depressing effect of drought stress was evident on traits (i.e., reproductive dry matter, leaf area index and cytokinin concentrations in leaves). However, root/shoot, reproductive/vegetative ratios and Abscisic acid (ABA) concentration were found to increase under drought stress. Drought stress also changed the dry matter accumulation pattern of genotypes. In most cases it reduced the days to reach the maximum peak showing early senescence. ABA was identified as a multi-functional plant growth regulator under drought stress, causing early senescence of plants and translocation of assimilates to the roots and reproductive part while root growth under drought stress was explained by the indole-acetic acid (IAA) concentrations. Maintaining higher cytokinin contents were involved in accumulation of higher reproductive dry matter under drought stress. Although ABA and IAA were both involved in the development of defense responses during the adaptation and survival to drought stress but higher productivity under drought stress was only realized through maintaining higher cytokinin contents.

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Cytokinin Oxidase Regulates Rice Grain Production

Cited by 1,615 publications

References 32 publications

De novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits

De novo assembly of soybean wild relatives for pan-genome analysis of diversity and agronomic traits

RiceLHS1/OsMADS1Controls Floret Meristem Specification by Coordinated Regulation of Transcription Factors and Hormone Signaling Pathways

Effects of varied water regimes on root length, dry matter partitioning and endogenous plant growth regulators in sunflower (Helianthus annuusL.)

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