Cytokinin regulates female gametophyte development by cell cycle modulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Since its first identification in the 1950s as a regulator of cell division, cytokinin has been linked to many physiological processes in plants, spanning growth and development and various responses to the environment. Studies from the last two and a half decades have revealed the pathways underlying the biosynthesis and metabolism of cytokinin, and have elucidated the mechanisms of its perception and signaling, which reflects an ancient signaling system evolved from two-component elements in bacteria. Mutants in the genes encoding elements involved in these processes have helped refined our understanding of cytokinin functions in plants. Further, recent advances have provided insight into the mechanisms of intracellular and long distance cytokinin transport, and the identification of several proteins that operate downstream of cytokinin signaling. Here, we review these processes through a historical lens, providing an overview of cytokinin metabolism, transport, signaling and functions in higher plants.

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Genome-Wide Identification of the Trihelix Transcription Factor Family and Functional Analysis of ZmTHX15 in Maize

Cao,

Cheng,

Sun

et al. 2024

IJMS

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The trihelix transcription factor, which is a plant-specific family, play a critical role in plant growth and development and stress responses. Drought is the main limiting factor affecting yield of maize (Zea mays). However, the identification and characterization of this gene family in maize and its biological functions in response to drought stress have not been reported. Here, 46 Zea mays trihelix genes (ZmTHXs) were identified in the genome. Phylogenetic analysis of the ZmTHXs revealed that the genes were clustered into five subfamilies: GT-1, GT-2, GTγ, SH4, and SIP1. Chromosomal localization analysis showed that the 46 ZmTHXs were unevenly distributed across 10 chromosomes in maize. Cis-acting elements related to abiotic stress in ZmTHXs were found. Most ZmTHXs genes showed significant changes in expression levels under drought treatment. In addition, ZmTHX15-overexpressing Arabidopsis exhibited stronger drought tolerance with less secondary oxidative damage and higher photosynthetic rate. These findings could serve as a basis for future studies on the roles of ZmTHXs and the potential genetic markers for breeding stress-resistant and high-yielding maize varieties.

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Cytokinin regulates female gametophyte development by cell cycle modulation in Arabidopsis thaliana

Cited by 3 publications

References 48 publications

Organogenic events during gynoecium and fruit development in Arabidopsis

Organogenic events during gynoecium and fruit development in Arabidopsis

Cytokinin: From autoclaved DNA to two-component signaling

Genome-Wide Identification of the Trihelix Transcription Factor Family and Functional Analysis of ZmTHX15 in Maize

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