Cytological analysis of the epithelial cells in patients with oral candidiasis

Loss, Rafael; Sandrin, Rodrigo; França, Beatriz Helena Sottile; Azevedo‐Alanis, Luciana Reis; Grégio, Ana Maria Trindade; Machado, Maria Ângela Naval; Lima, Antônio Adilson Soares de

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0507.2009.01857.x

Cited by 18 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…There was also an increase of the NA:CA ratio. This study revealed that the oral mucosa of patients undergoing candida infection exhibited significant changes in the size and shape of the oral epithelial cells [28].…”

Section: Oral Mucosa Smear Results In Correlation With Conditions Sucmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and Application of Exfoliative Cytology in the Diagnosis of Oral Mucosa Pathology – Contemporary Knowledge with Review of the Literature

Kazanowska

Hałoń²,

Radwan-Oczko³

2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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On the basis of the current available literature, the authors have presented a short description of cytological examination and its application in the oral mucosa disease diagnostic process. furthermore, the advantages and disadvantages of this method are described. The available diagnostic tools used for oral smears were reviewed as well as more and more often available methods which aim at making the diagnosis process more accurate and more favorable for patients. Oral cytology analysis may, in the near future, be a very useful examination for patients in terms of diagnostics and monitoring, not only during the treatment but also afterwards. The authors would like to demonstrate what a beneficial tool this cytological examination could be as a fast and cheap cancer prophylactic test. This opinion is based on the fact that this cytological method has significantly improved the detection of uterine cervical cancer during a gynecological examination since the introduction of the Papanicolau technique in the 40s (Adv Clin Exp Med 2014, 23, 2, 299-305). Exfoliative cytology is a diagnostic technique based on a microscopic evaluation of epithelial cells after a procedure of their fixation and staining. There are 2 methods in use: the indirect cell--collecting method, such as aspiration subjects with self-exfoliated cells, and the direct method, rub cells of the mucosal surface. The exfoliated cells are put into a preservative fluid and the samples are processed according to the manufacturer directions, after staining using the Papanicolau method [1,2].Exfoliative cytology as a diagnostic tool is most popular in gynecology. Since cervix cytology (the Papanicolau technique) appeared in the 1940's in diagnostics, the number of deaths from cervical cancer has decreased. Unfortunately, the role of exfoliative cytology in screening for oral cancer still isn't as successful as it is in the diagnostic process of the uterine cervix cancer.The Papanicolau technique is a multichromatic staining histological technique developed by George Papanikolaou and used to differentiate cells from smear preparations of various bodily secretions [3]. This is a polychrome staining method which comprises a nuclear stain (hematoxylin) and two counterstains (Orange G and Eosin Azure dyes). Hydration of the fixed smear is required for the cells to take up the hematoxylin, whereas dehydration prepares the smear for the counterstain dyes. Advantages and Disadvantages of Exfoliative CytologyOral cytology examination in oral mucosa is still not popular. There are controversies with

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Section: Oral Mucosa Smear Results In Correlation With Conditions Sucmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role and Application of Exfoliative Cytology in the Diagnosis of Oral Mucosa Pathology – Contemporary Knowledge with Review of the Literature

Kazanowska

Hałoń²,

Radwan-Oczko³

2014

Adv Clin Exp Med

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“…2). Phagocytes produce reactive oxygen species through the pathogen-host interaction-mediated pathway [1,4,7]. Oxidative stress can result in DNA damage.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Oxidative stress can result in DNA damage, including the oxidation of nucleosides, which could cause DNA strand breaks. One method for determining DNA damage is the micronucleus (MN) assay [7]. Exfoliated epithelial cells have been used in cytology to detect abnormal cells and to evaluate the diameters of nuclei and cytoplasm for cytomorphometric analysis and MN presence [8,9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Micronuclei, Nuclear Anomalies and the Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio of Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells in Genital Candidiasis

Öz¹,

Gün

Özdamar

2015

Acta Cytologica

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Objective:Candida is the most common cause of fungal infections. The aim of this study was to fill the gaps in the current knowledge on the frequencies of micronuclei and nuclear anomalies, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio in genital candidiasis. Study Design: A total of 88 Papanicolaou- stained cervical smears, which comprised Candida spp. (n = 44) and control cases with no infectious agent (n = 44), were studied. In each smear, cells with micronuclei and nuclear anomalies were counted in 1,000 epithelial cells and also nuclear and cellular areas were evaluated using image analysis software at a magnification of ×400. Results: The frequencies of micronucleated and binucleated cells and cells with perinuclear halos, and the nucleus/cytoplasmic ratio of epithelial cells were higher in the Candida-infected group compared with the control group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Genital candidiasis is able to induce changes in the size and shape of epithelial cells. The nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio and the frequency of micronuclei may reflect the DNA damage in the cervical epithelium. Micronucleus scoring could be used to screen the genomic damage profile of epithelial cells in candidiasis.

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“…In this regard, Loss et al . [18] demonstrated that the cellular area (CA) of the candida-infected epithelial cells was diminished compared to the non-infected controls. In addition, there was an augmentation in nuclear area (NA) and N/C area ratio.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomorphometric analysis of the gingival epithelium in type 2 diabetic patients with and without smoking habit

Patel

Gujjari

2013

J Cytol

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Background:It has been shown that cigarette smoking as well as diabetes mellitus can produce cytomorphometric alterations in oral epithelial cells with the significant increase in the nuclear area (NA) and significant decrease in the cytoplasmic/nuclear ratio in comparison to healthy control. However, the synergistic effect of tobacco smoking and diabetes on the morphology of gingival epithelial cells is not been explored until date.Aim:This study was carried out to investigate the effects of diabetes and the synergistic effects of smoking and diabetes on the cytomorphometry of gingival epithelium.Materials and Methods:Gingival smears were collected from 30 male subjects diagnosed with type 2 diabetes with (n = 10) or without history of smoking habit (n = 10). Healthy subjects with no history of smoking or diabetes served as the control group (n = 10). The smears were stained using Papanicolaou procedure. The cellular (CA) and nuclear areas (NA) were measured using image analysis software. One-way ANOVA and Tukey-HSD procedure (at P = 0.05) were used to analyze all the parametric variables.Results:A statistically significant (P < 0.001) increase in NA and N:C ratio in smoker diabetic group was observed compared to the non-smoker diabetic group and the control group. The non-smoker diabetic group also showed significant increaseConclusions:There were significant alterations in the cellular pattern of gingival mucosa cells in a non-smoker diabetic, but the alteration was to a greater extent in smoker diabetics demonstrating a synergistic effect of smoking and diabetes on gingival mucosa.

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Cytological analysis of the epithelial cells in patients with oral candidiasis

Cited by 18 publications

References 25 publications

The Role and Application of Exfoliative Cytology in the Diagnosis of Oral Mucosa Pathology – Contemporary Knowledge with Review of the Literature

The Role and Application of Exfoliative Cytology in the Diagnosis of Oral Mucosa Pathology – Contemporary Knowledge with Review of the Literature

Evaluation of Micronuclei, Nuclear Anomalies and the Nuclear/Cytoplasmic Ratio of Exfoliated Cervical Epithelial Cells in Genital Candidiasis

Cytomorphometric analysis of the gingival epithelium in type 2 diabetic patients with and without smoking habit

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