Cytological Effects of Gamma Radiation and Its Impact on Growth and Yield of M1 and M2 Plants of Cowpea Cultivars

Badr, Abdelfattah; El-Shazly, Hanaa H.; Halawa, Mohamed

doi:10.1508/cytologia.79.195

Cited by 20 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(15 reference statements)

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“…When the AgNPs concentrations were increased to 50 and 75 ppm, lower frequencies of chromosomal abnormalities were scored. Similar results were reported by Badr et al (2014) in cowpea root cells; a lower proportion of chromosomal abnormalities was scored as the γ-radiation dose increased.…”

Section: Cytological Effects Of Agnps: a Effect On Mitotic Indexsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cytological and Molecular Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Vicia faba M1 Plants

Galal

Thabet

2018

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology

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Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are among the most widely used nanoparticles and are found in various types of products. In the past few years, these nanoparticles have received significant attention as pesticides for agricultural applications. Utility of AgNPs as efficient pesticides would become a reality if the researches provided some understanding of toxicity of these nanoparticles. Evaluation of the potential genotoxic effects of AgNPs on Vicia faba M 1 plants was the main goal in this study. Seeds of V. faba (Sakha 1 variety) were treated with three concentrations of AgNPs (25, 50 and 75 ppm) and M 1 populations raised from these seeds were investigated at different levels. Results indicated that all the three concentrations were able to induce significant increase in seed germination percentage (G) and germination rate index (GRI) in addition to root length and seedling vigor index (SVI) compared to control, while no significant differences were detected among the three AgNPs concentrations and control for shoot length. The maximum germination percentage (99.00 %) was found at the 50 ppm concentration while the highest values of root length (15.57 cm) and seedling vigor index (43.77) were recorded at the 25 ppm concentration. Cytological analysis showed that only the concentration of 25 ppm significantly reduced mitotic index (83.47 %) compared to control (91.38 %). Moreover, all treatments caused significantly increase in the percentage of abnormal cells, while the lower concentration (25 ppm) induced the highest percentage of abnormalities (6.90 %) compared to the other treatments. On the molecular level, the effects of AgNPs on genomic template stability (GTS) were measured based on RAPD-PCR analysis using 16 arbitrary primers. All AgNPs concentrations caused reduction in GTS % values; compared to control, which showed decrease in GTS % values as AgNPs concentrations increased. These results indicated that AgNPs had toxic effects on V. faba M 1 plants at cytological and molecular levels.

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Section: Cytological Effects Of Agnps: a Effect On Mitotic Indexsupporting

confidence: 85%

Cytological and Molecular Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Vicia faba M1 Plants

Galal

Thabet

2018

Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Biotechnology

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“…So, seedlings only survived for a maximum for two weeks. However, Badr et al (2014) found that 300 Gy was the toxic dose in cowpea while Horn and Shimelis (2013) showed toxic doses greater than 400 or 600 Gy depending on cowpea genotypes. These results differ from those of Essel et al (2016) which showed no significant effect of increasing doses of gamma irradiation on cowpea germination.…”

Section: Effect Of γ-Radiation On Cowpea Germination and Seedling Surmentioning

confidence: 98%

Assessment of radio-sensitivity for three cowpea genotypes to gamma irradiation

Gnankambary¹,

Batieno²,

Sawadogo³

et al. 2019

Int. J. Genet. Mol. Biol.

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Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp) is an important food legume. However, production is limited by various biotic and abiotic constraints in sub-Saharan Africa and reduced genetic variability hinders crop improvement efforts. Gamma ray irradiation has been used as a mutagen to create variability but optimal dose determination is a prerequisite to maximize the recovery of mutant plants. In this study, three genotypes (KVx396-4-5-2D, Tiligré and Moussa local) from Burkina Faso were treated with four gamma irradiation doses (150, 200, 250 and 300 Gy) using a labelled cobalt source (60CO) and evaluated for seed germination and seedling survival. Results showed that germination and survival rates were severely decreased at treatments greater than 150 Gy and no germination was observed at the 300 Gy dose. The optimum dose (LD 50%) varied for the genotypes and ranged from 129 to 163 GY. Seed characteristic and quality were factors contributing to this variation.

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“…Kaha 1 and var. Dokki 331 Cowpea compared to other varieties, as estimated by the cluster analysis of seed protein, RAPD and ISSR markers 29 . In the same concern Žiarovská et al 30 indicated that the different ISSR fingerprint patterns of the amaranth mutant lines when compared to the Ficha cultivar and K-433 hybrid, ISSR specific profiles may be part of a consequence of the complex response of the intergenic space of mutant lines to the gamma-radiance.…”

Section: Primer Namementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Disappearance of ISSR bands in some M 1 and M 2 plants could be referred to damages of DNA like single or double-strand breaks, modified bases, oxidized bases, and bulky adducts. In addition, DNA-protein crosses links, point mutations and rearrangement of chromosomes were induced by gamma irradiation 29 . Furthermore, it has been shown that free radicals interact with biomolecules as DNA and remove electrons from them, so they www.scienceasia.org damage both structure and activity of the DNA.…”

Section: Primer Namementioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and molecular studies on ISSR in two wheat cultivars after exposing to gamma radiation

Aly¹,

Eliwa²,

Maraei³

2019

ScienceAsia

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Grains of two bread wheat cultivars (Triticum aestivum), Sids-1 and Sakha-93, were irradiated with gamma rays at dose levels (0.0, 100, 200, and 300 Gy) to study the effects of gamma irradiation on physiological characteristics and genetic variation of wheat. Irradiation dose level of 200 Gy increased chlorophyll a, b, and total chlorophyll contents significantly in both cultivars. Also, proline content increased with increasing irradiation dose level, the highest concentrations were recorded at 300 Gy for Sids-1 and Sakha-93 cultivars as compared to the control. Inter-Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers have been done to help understanding their genetic differences. Eight ISSR primers (14A, 44B, HB-08, HB-10, HB-11, HB-12, HB-13, and HB-15) exhibited polymorphism with the un-irradiated and irradiated two wheat cultivars. These pimers successfully showed different banding patterns with several amplicons varied from 4 for (14A) to 15 for (HB-10). These 72 amplicons for the two cultivars and an average of 9.0 amplicons with mean of 67.96% polymorphism and resolving power (Rp) of 3.41. It is also cleared that radiation is more effective on Sids-1 cultivar with 55.5% polymorphism than on Sakha-93 cultivar with 51.9% polymorphism. Total amplicons found in Sids-1cultivar were 64, ten of them were unique amplicons (UA): 5 UA(+) and 5 UA(−). Irradiation dose (200 Gy) showed the highest number of UA (3 UA− and 3 UA+) in Sids-1cultivar. While, total amplicons found in Sakha-93 cultivar were 58, eight of them were 5 UA(+) and 3 UA(−). Irradiation dose (300 Gy) showed the highest number of UA as 4 UA+. It could be concluded that gamma irradiation of wheat grains produced an appropriate number of generated variations and that ISSR analysis given a useful molecular marker for the symmetry of the mutants.

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Cytological Effects of Gamma Radiation and Its Impact on Growth and Yield of M1 and M2 Plants of Cowpea Cultivars

Cited by 20 publications

References 16 publications

Cytological and Molecular Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Vicia faba M1 Plants

Cytological and Molecular Effects of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) on Vicia faba M1 Plants

Assessment of radio-sensitivity for three cowpea genotypes to gamma irradiation

Physiological and molecular studies on ISSR in two wheat cultivars after exposing to gamma radiation

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