Cytological, histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings of multiple cutaneous nodules in a bovine

Lima, Telma de Sousa; Filho, Ruy Brayner de Oliveira; Sousa, Mônica Shinneider de; Santos, Nayadjala Távita Alves dos; Sampaio, Rubia Ávlade Guedes; Lucena, Ricardo Barbosa

doi:10.5433/1679-0359.2019v40n6supl3p3781

Cited by 2 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 6 publications

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“…Note the firm exophytic nodule with marked ulceration in the paralumbar fossa. Inset: Nodule after complete surgical excision [54]. (C) Cutaneous neurofibroma.…”

Section: Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous and Engineered Large Animal Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Osum

Watson

Largaespada

2021

IJMS

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Animal models are crucial to understanding human disease biology and developing new therapies. By far the most common animal used to investigate prevailing questions about human disease is the mouse. Mouse models are powerful tools for research as their small size, limited lifespan, and defined genetic background allow researchers to easily manipulate their genome and maintain large numbers of animals in general laboratory spaces. However, it is precisely these attributes that make them so different from humans and explains, in part, why these models do not accurately predict drug responses in human patients. This is particularly true of the neurofibromatoses (NFs), a group of genetic diseases that predispose individuals to tumors of the nervous system, the most common of which is Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Despite years of research, there are still many unanswered questions and few effective treatments for NF1. Genetically engineered mice have drastically improved our understanding of many aspects of NF1, but they do not exemplify the overall complexity of the disease and some findings do not translate well to humans due to differences in body size and physiology. Moreover, NF1 mouse models are heavily reliant on the Cre-Lox system, which does not accurately reflect the molecular mechanism of spontaneous loss of heterozygosity that accompanies human tumor development. Spontaneous and genetically engineered large animal models may provide a valuable supplement to rodent studies for NF1. Naturally occurring comparative models of disease are an attractive prospect because they occur on heterogeneous genetic backgrounds and are due to spontaneous rather than engineered mutations. The use of animals with naturally occurring disease has been effective for studying osteosarcoma, lymphoma, and diabetes. Spontaneous NF-like symptoms including neurofibromas and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNST) have been documented in several large animal species and share biological and clinical similarities with human NF1. These animals could provide additional insight into the complex biology of NF1 and potentially provide a platform for pre-clinical trials. Additionally, genetically engineered porcine models of NF1 have recently been developed and display a variety of clinical features similar to those seen in NF1 patients. Their large size and relatively long lifespan allow for longitudinal imaging studies and evaluation of innovative surgical techniques using human equipment. Greater genetic, anatomic, and physiologic similarities to humans enable the engineering of precise disease alleles found in human patients and make them ideal for preclinical pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic studies of small molecule, cellular, and gene therapies prior to clinical trials in patients. Comparative genomic studies between humans and animals with naturally occurring disease, as well as preclinical studies in large animal disease models, may help identify new targets for therapeutic intervention and expedite the translation of new therapies. In this review, we discuss new genetically engineered large animal models of NF1 and cases of spontaneous NF-like manifestations in large animals, with a special emphasis on how these comparative models could act as a crucial translational intermediary between specialized murine models and NF1 patients.

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“…Note the firm exophytic nodule with marked ulceration in the paralumbar fossa. Inset: Nodule after complete surgical excision [54]. (C) Cutaneous neurofibroma.…”

Section: Cattlementioning

confidence: 99%

Spontaneous and Engineered Large Animal Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Osum

Watson

Largaespada

2021

IJMS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…In consequence, the animal becomes stressed, which affects behavior, production, and welfare [ 39 ]. Tick bites directly depreciate the quality of hides and skins and, consequently, the value of leather because they can become hard, opaque, perforated, and rough [ 40 , 41 ].…”

Section: Ecology and Economic Importance Of Ticks And Tick-borne Dmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for Tick Pest Control in Livestock and Wildlife: Pragmatism or Utopia?

Quadros¹,

Johnson

Whitney³

et al. 2020

Insects

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Ticks and tick-borne diseases are a significant economic hindrance for livestock production and a menace to public health. The expansion of tick populations into new areas, the occurrence of acaricide resistance to synthetic chemical treatments, the potentially toxic contamination of food supplies, and the difficulty of applying chemical control in wild-animal populations have created greater interest in developing new tick control alternatives. Plant compounds represent a promising avenue for the discovery of such alternatives. Several plant extracts and secondary metabolites have repellent and acaricidal effects. However, very little is known about their mode of action, and their commercialization is faced with multiple hurdles, from the determination of an adequate formulation to field validation and public availability. Further, the applicability of these compounds to control ticks in wild-animal populations is restrained by inadequate delivery systems that cannot guarantee accurate dosage delivery at the right time to the target animal populations. More work, financial support, and collaboration with regulatory authorities, research groups, and private companies are needed to overcome these obstacles. Here, we review the advancements on known plant-derived natural compounds with acaricidal potential and discuss the road ahead toward the implementation of organic control in managing ticks and tick-borne diseases.

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Cytological, histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical findings of multiple cutaneous nodules in a bovine

Cited by 2 publications

References 6 publications

Spontaneous and Engineered Large Animal Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Spontaneous and Engineered Large Animal Models of Neurofibromatosis Type 1

Plant-Derived Natural Compounds for Tick Pest Control in Livestock and Wildlife: Pragmatism or Utopia?

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