Cytological Indices in Children With Gingivitis

Abstract

Development of gingivitis in children with fixed orthodontic appliances (FOA) is an urgent problem of today's periodontology, requiring elaboration of new methods that would give an opportunity not only to diagnose but also to predict the course of periodontitis in a given population. The investigation was conducted in patients with catarrhal and hypertrophic gingivitis during the treatment by FOA. It was established that cellular composition of gum mucosa undergoes cytosospecific alterations, which is manifested by qualitative changes of gingival epitheliocytes. In this case the indices of pathological shift point to the clinical and morphological form of the diagnosed inflammatory process in the gums. Conclusion. The maximal intensity of the inflammatory process in the gums takes 3 months of using FOA while the cytological criteria in this observation period are the functional state of segmental leukocytes and the alterative changes of intermediate cells in the form of foamy cytoplasm in children with catarrhal gingivitis. In children with hypertrophic gingivitis cytological adjustment indices are destructive changes in the epithelial cells, which manifests itself as the appearance of the naked core elements and signs of necrobiosis against the background of a large number of segmental leukocytes.