Cytological relationships of selected species ofPanicum L.

Hamoud, M. A.; Haroun, Soliman A.; Macleod, R. D.; Richards, Andrew

doi:10.1007/bf02921265

Cited by 33 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Seeds (2.0 mm long × 0.75 mm broad) are larger than those of witch grass and greenish brown. The chromosome number is 2n = 54 (Hamoud et al 1994). Further information on P. dichotomiflorum may be found in Freckmann and Lelong (2003).…”

Section: (B) Distinguishing Featuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

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The Biology of Canadian Weeds: 155.Panicum miliaceumL.

Cavers

Kane

2016

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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this article has been changed to the CC BY 4.0 license. The PDF and HTML versions of the article have been modified accordingly.Abstract: Proso millet, Panicum miliaceum L. (Poaceae), has been a crop in Asia and Europe for 10 000 years and for over 300 years in Canada, where it is grown for grain, rescue crops, birdseed, forage, and recently for swath grazing. Crop-like biotypes have escaped from cultivation throughout Canada, but these infestations were generally temporary. Probably the first persistent, weedy biotype in Canada (Quebec) has large, dormant, dark red seeds. Its eradication has been attempted for many years. In the 1970s, a worse problem, a black-seeded biotype with many weedy attributes, including shattering as seeds ripen and strongly dormant seeds distasteful to many birds, spread across southern Ontario and became labelled as noxious. Concurrently, it was described as the worst weed in the US Corn Belt. In the 1980s, Canadian studies revealed infestations of other weedy biotypes, differing in seed colour and other attributes. Panicum miliaceum is an extremely variable species world-wide. Since the late 1990s, weedy proso millet has declined dramatically after the adoption of newer herbicides, particularly glyphosate. This development may lead to increases in cultivated proso millet, especially where climate change favours short-season crops grown under drier conditions. Key words: weed biology, proso millet, Panicum miliaceum L., weed/crop, intraspecific variation, global distribution and history.Résumé : On cultive le millet, Panicum miliaceum L. (poacées), depuis 10 000 ans en Asie et en Europe et depuis plus de trois siècles au Canada pour ses graines, comme provende de secours, pour nourrir les oiseaux, pour son fourrage et, plus récemment, pour la paissance en andain. Des biotypes domestiqués sont redevenus sauvages un peu partout au Canada, mais les infestations restent le plus souvent temporaires. Le premier biotype envahissant persistant du Canada a probablement été observé au Québec. Il se caractérise par de grosses semences rouges dormantes. On s'est efforcé de l'éradiquer pendant de nombreuses années. Dans les années 1970, un biotype à graines noires, possédant de nombreuses caractéristiques d'une mauvaise herbe (notamment l'égrenage prématuré quand les semences parviennent à maturité et des graines à dormance prolongée que peu d'oiseaux aiment), a soulevé un problème plus épineux en se répandant dans le sud de l'Ontario. Ce biotype a été qualifié de nuisible avant de devenir la pire adventice dans la ceinture du maïs des États-Unis. Dans les années 1980, des études canadiennes ont révélé l'existence de peuplements d'autres biotypes envahissants, aux semences de couleur différente et présentant d'autres caractères. Panicum miliaceum est une espèce extrêmement variable dans le monde. Depuis la fin des années 1990, les variétés envahissantes ont diminué de façon draconienne avec l'apparition de nouveaux herbicides, particulièrement le glyphosate. Ce développement pourrait déboucher su...

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Section: (B) Distinguishing Featuresmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…Proso millet is a tetraploid, with 2n = 36 (Chandola 1959a;Warwick 1990;Hamoud et al 1994); 2n = 4x = 36 (Lágler et al 2005;Hancock 2012). Bor (1960) reported 2n = 72 in some Indian races.…”

Section: Description and Account Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Biology of Canadian Weeds: 155.Panicum miliaceumL.

Cavers

Kane

2016

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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“…Panicum capillare has a chromosome number of 2n = 18 (Gould 1968;Hamoud et al 1994). The chromosomes are primarily metacentric and submetacentric, exhibiting relatively high variation in length and arm ratio (Hamoud et al 1994).…”

Section: Description and Account Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The chromosomes are primarily metacentric and submetacentric, exhibiting relatively high variation in length and arm ratio (Hamoud et al 1994). …”

Section: Description and Account Of Variationmentioning

confidence: 99%

The biology of Canadian weeds. 127. Panicum capillare L.

Clements¹,

DiTommaso²,

Cavers³

et al. 2004

Can. J. Plant Sci.

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[327][328][329][330][331][332][333][334][335][336][337][338][339][340][341]. Panicum capillare L., witch grass, is an annual grass native to North America that infests field crops, small grains, grasslands, and a variety of other habitats. High seed production, a persistent seed bank, a tumble-weed seed-dispersing mechanism, and the ability to tolerate some herbicides contribute to the success of P. capillare in these habitats. Despite the widespread presence of P. capillare in crops, its actual impact on crop yield is not well documented. It is an additional host for several insect pests (e.g., cereal aphids) and diseases attacking crop species.

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“…Due to the important role of guinea grass in the expansion of animal production, a number of research projects have been carried out on this species in recent years, covering a wide range of topics including: plant breeding (Sukhchain & Sidhu, 1991;Noirot, 1993;Sukhchain & Sidhu, 1993); cytology (Nakagawa et al, 1993;Hamoud et al, 1994;Naumova & Willemse, 1995); herbage yield and/ or chemical composition (Hill et al, 1989;Santana, 1991;Bayorbor et al, 1992;Kawamoto et al, 1992;Singh et al, 1995); morphology (Costa et al, 1989;Alcantara et al, 1991); trampling resistance (Sun & Liddle, 1993); adaptation to acid soils (Thomas & Lapointe, 1989) among others.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential vegetative and reproductive performances among fifteen guinea grass hybrids

Usberti-Filho

Usberti²,

Paterniani

2002

Pesq. agropec. bras.

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_ The main scope of this work was to detect (Panicum maximum Jacq.) genotype differences as to morphoagronomic and seed quality indices, and to establish character correlations useful for determining vegetative and reproductive trends. Besides the flowering cycle, eight phenological and two seed quality traits were scored in a greenhouse randomized complete block experiment, as follows: plant height (PH), reproductive tiller number/overall tiller number (RTN/OTN), panicle number/reproductive tillers (PN/RT), leaf length (LL), leaf width (LW), panicle length (PL), fresh weight (FW), dry weight (DW), number of seeds/g (NS/G) and seed sample physical purity (SPP). Very-early and early-flowering hybrids consistently showed the highest correlation values among flowering cycle and RTN/OTN (r = -0.59**), PN/RT (r = -0.48**), NS/G (r = -0.88**) and SPP (r = -0.80**) (reproductive parameters) while intermediate and late-flowering hybrids presented the highest values for LL (r = 0.53**), LW (r = 0.60**), PL (r = 0.77**), FW (r = 0.78**) and DW (r = 0.85**) (vegetative traits). The implications of these results for plant breeding and forage management purposes are discussed.Index terms: Panicum maximum, flowering, agronomic characters, vegetative propagation. Diferenças no desempenho vegetativo e reprodutivo entre quinze híbridos de capim-coloniãoResumo _ O principal objetivo deste trabalho foi o de determinar as tendências de desempenho vegetativo e reprodutivo de híbridos de capim-colonião (Panicum maximum Jacq.) recém desenvolvidos, com os genótipos variando quanto ao ciclo de florescimento (desde muito precoces até tardios). Além do ciclo do florescimento, oito parâmetros fenológicos e dois de qualidade das sementes foram testados, em experimento em blocos completos ao acaso em casa de vegetação, como segue: altura da planta (AP), número de perfilhos reprodutivos/número total de perfilhos (NPR/NTP), número de panículas/perfilhos reprodutivos (NP/PR), comprimento da folha (CF), largura da folha (LF), comprimento da panícula (CP), peso fresco (PF), peso seco (PS), número de sementes/g (NS/G) e pureza física das amostras de sementes (PFS). Os híbridos precoces e semiprecoces apresentaram sempre os maiores valores de correlação obtidos entre ciclos de florescimento e NPR/NTP (r = -0,59**), NP/PR (r = -0,48**), NS/G (r = -0,88**) e PFS (r = -0,80**) (parâmetros reprodutivos) enquanto os híbridos intermediários e tardios apresentaram valores de correlação mais elevados de CF (r = 0,53**), LF (r = 0,60**), CP (r = 0,77**), PF (r = 0,78**) e PS (r = 0,85**) (características vegetativas). Discutem-se as implicações desses resultados para o melhoramento genético e o manejo de pastagens.Termos para indexação: Panicum maximum, floração, características agronômicas, propagação vegetativa.

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Cytological relationships of selected species ofPanicum L.

Cited by 33 publications

References 24 publications

The Biology of Canadian Weeds: 155.Panicum miliaceumL.

The Biology of Canadian Weeds: 155.Panicum miliaceumL.

The biology of Canadian weeds. 127. Panicum capillare L.

Differential vegetative and reproductive performances among fifteen guinea grass hybrids

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