Cytological Studies in Climbers of a Brazilian Forest Reserve.

Lombello, Ricardo A.; Forni‐Martins, Eliana Regina

doi:10.1508/cytologia.63.415

Cited by 15 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…The diploid chromosome number 2nϭ22 and the symmetric karyomorphology observed in this population of M. charantia present no divergence of those data reported in literature for this species (Agarwal and Roy 1976, Sinha et al 1996, Lombello and Forni-Martins 1998. The Table 1 presents the chromosome number reports and their references.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…This plant has been used as a treatment to diabetes, reduction of adiposity, leprosy, jaundice, rheumatism and gout in several cultures (Leatherdale et al 1981, Chen et al 2003, Semiz and Sen 2007. The cytogenetic of this species is poorly studied, basically limited to its chromosome number and some observations in its reproductive biology (Lombello and Forni-Martins 1998, Lenzi et al. 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Cytomolecular Studies in Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), a Potential Medicinal Plant

Lombello

Pinto-Maglio

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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SummaryThe cytogenetic of Momordica charantia was studied using CMA 3 /DAPI and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) techniques in order to characterize the features of its heterochromatin and the distribution of rDNA sites. The chromosomes observed were small and symmetrical. DAPI staining presented no band. The tests with CMA 3 staining presented 4 positive bands at chromosome extremities, what indicates the presence of GC rich sites in this species. The studies with FISH showed 4 sites of rDNA 45S located at similar regions of those observed in CMA 3 staining, and 2 sites of rDNA 5S at interstitial positions. Key wordsMomordica charantia L. is an annual dioecious climber plant that grows wild throughout subtropical regions of the world, mainly in South America and Asia. Named by São Caetano melon in Brazil, in world it is known as balsam-apple, karela, cundeamor, bitter melon or bitter gourd. Fruits of M. charantia are widely consumed and has wide commercial distribution in Asia (Ram et al. 2006). This plant has been used as a treatment to diabetes, reduction of adiposity, leprosy, jaundice, rheumatism and gout in several cultures (Leatherdale et al. 1981, Chen et al. 2003, Semiz and Sen 2007. The cytogenetic of this species is poorly studied, basically limited to its chromosome number and some observations in its reproductive biology (Lombello and Forni-Martins 1998, Lenzi et al. 2005). There are studies for the genus Momordica that present some karyological aspects as chromosome measures and karyographs (Agarwal and Roy 1976, Sinha et al. 1996), but with no information about cytomolecular aspects. All the studied species of the genus Momordica presented symmetrical karyomorphology. In such cases cytomolecular techniques, such as fluorochromes DAPI and CMA 3 staining, that evidence heterochromatic regions rich in AT and GC bases respectively, are often used in order to characterize the species cytogenetically (Gupta et al. 1990). Another important cytogenetic assay for karyotype characterization is FISH with rDNA probes (HeslopHarrison 1991). In eukaryotes ribosomal DNA occurs in tandem repeats that codes for ribosomal RNA. These highly repeated DNA families provide karyological markers useful for chromosome identification that are known to be valuable for the investigation of species with small or similarly sized chromosomes and in determination of phylogenetic relationships (Leitch and Heslop-Harrison 1992).In this study we intended to provide new cytogenetic characters to Momordica charantia in order to contribute to phylogenetic studies and grading up programs. Marterial and methodsSeeds and flower buds of Momordica charantia were collected at Santa Eliza farm, experimen-© 2007 The Japan Mendel Society Cytologia 72(4): [415][416][417][418] 2007 * Corresponding author, e-mail: ricardolombello@uol.com.br tal station of Instituto Agronômico de Campinas, state of São Paulo, Southeastern Brazil. Vegetative and reproductive samples of this species were herborized and introducted at IAC herbarium with ...

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomolecular Studies in Momordica charantia L. (Cucurbitaceae), a Potential Medicinal Plant

Lombello

Pinto-Maglio

2007

CYTOLOGIA

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“…Em Talisia esculenta observou-se 2n=32, confirmando a única contagem para a espécie (Carvalheira et al, 1991) e a estabilidade cromossômica numérica do gênero (Lombello & Forni-Martins, 1998). O cariótipo é constituído por cromossomos medindo de 1,0 a 2,0μm, sendo os 13 pares maiores metacêntricos e submetacêntricos, e os três pares menores, acrocêntricos, um dos quais, satelitado (Figura 1F).…”

Section: Resultsunclassified

Citogenética de algumas espécies frutíferas nativas do nordeste do Brasil

2007

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RESUMO -O presente trabalho teve como objetivo caracterizar o cariótipo de seis espécies de frutíferas nativas do Brasil por meio da análise do número e morfologia cromossômica das mesmas. As pontas de raízes jovens foram pré-tratadas com 8-hidroxiquinolina 0,002M, esmagadas em ácido acético 45% e coradas convencionalmente com Giemsa. O material estudado apresentou cariótipo simétrico, com cromossomos pequenos, medindo de 0,6 a 2,5µm, predominantemente metacêntricos a submetacêntricos com uma a duas constrições secundárias visíveis em todas as espécies, exceto em Bromelia karatas, onde não foi possível identificar a morfologia cromossômica ou a presença de constrições secundárias. Na família Myrtaceae, observou-se um complemento cromossômico diplóide com 2n=98 em Psidium arboreum Vell. e 2n=44 em P. araça Raddi; na família Bromeliaceae, 2n=50 em Bromelia karatas L.; na família Malvaceae, 2n=16 para Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.; na família Sapindaceae, 2n=32 em Talisia esculenta Radlk., e, na família Caricaceae, 2n=18 em Jaracatia spinosa (Aubl.) A. DC. Todos os dados cromossômicos apresentados neste trabalho são inéditos, exceto para a espécie T. esculenta, que teve seu registro prévio confirmado. As espécies possuem potencial para utilização no melhoramento de plantas, e uma inversão em heterozigoze parece estar envolvida na evolução cariotípica de Guazuma ulmifolia. Termos de indexação: Evolução cariotípica, inversão cromossômica, condensação tardia. CYTOGENETICS OF SOME SPECIES OF NATIVE FRUITS FROM NORTHEAST BRAZILABSTRACT -This work aimed to characterize the karyotype of six species of native fruits from Brazil through number and chromosome morphology analysis. The young root tips were pretreated with 8-hydroxiquinolin 0.002M, squashed in 45% acetic acid, and conventionally stained with Giemsa. All species showed symmetrical karyotype with small chromosomes and 0.6-2.5µm of length, mainly meta to sub-metacentric ones with one to two secondary visible constrictions in all species, except in Bromelia karatas in which it was not possible to identify the chromosome morphology or the presence of secondary constrictions. In Myrtaceae family, it had been observed a diploid chromosome supplement with 2n=98 in Psidium arboretum Vell. and 2n=44 in P. araça Raddi; 2n=50 in Bromelia karatas L.; in the Malvaceae, 2n=16 for Guazuma ulmifolia Lam.; in Sapindaceae, 2n=32 in Talisia esculenta Radlk. and, in Caricaceae, 2n=18 in Jaracatia spinosa (Aubl.) A. DC. All chromosome data presented in this work have been karyologically unpublished, except for T. esculenta which had previous reports confirmed. The species are potentially useful in breeding systems, and a heterozygosis inversion seems to be involved in the karyotype evolution of Guazuma ulmifolia. Index terms: Karyological evolution, chromosome invertion, late condensation. INTRODUÇÃOExceto para algumas espécies nativas já consagradas pelo cultivo e consumo, como o abacaxi (Ananas comosus) e o maracujá (Passiflora edulis), a maioria das frutíferas nativas são citologicament...

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“…The populations studied have never been cytogenetically investigated, except for Mascagnia anisopetala, studied by LOMBELLO and FORNI-MARTINS (1998). Besides the haploid number now presented for Mascagnia anisopetala, karyological data of this species were observed for the first time (Table 3).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In addition to numeric variation, a few papers bring karyomorphological data showing considerable chromosomal length variety. The most common chromosome shape is small and metacentric (RILEY and HOFF 1961;DIFULVIO 1979;DEVAR and BORAIAH 1981;LOMBELLO and FORNI-MARTINS 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%