Cytological studies in cotton

Skovsted, A.

doi:10.1007/bf02982258

Cited by 79 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…Ramiah, Parthasarthi and Ramanerjam (1933), Kasparyan (1938) and Kostoff (1939) assumed from their studies of haploiddiploid twins in Oryza sativa, Triticum vulgare and Secale cereale, respectively, that the haploid member arose from parthenogenetic development of a synergid or antipodal. Skovsted's (1939) cytogenetical observations on such twins from Gossypium barbadense following wide crosses are in conformity with this explanation. Ramiah and co-workers (1935) later tentatively suggested that the development of more than one embryo sac within a single ovule of Oryza sativa might contribute to the origin of polyembryony.…”

Section: S) and The Diploid Number (24) Onsupporting

confidence: 74%

Haploid—diploid Twin Embryos in Lilium and Nicotiana

Cooper

1943

American J of Botany

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Section: S) and The Diploid Number (24) Onsupporting

confidence: 74%

Haploid—diploid Twin Embryos in Lilium and Nicotiana

Cooper

1943

American J of Botany

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“…Included in the genus are the morphologically diverse and geographically widespread cultivated cottons, consisting ofthe AsianAfrican diploids Gossypium arboreum L. and Gossypium herbaceum L. (2n = 26) and the New World tetraploids Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. (2n = 4x = 52). Pioneering cytogenetic investigations by Beasley (5), Skovsted (6,7), and others demonstrated that the New World tetraploid cottons are allopolyploids containing one genome of the Old World diploids (the A genome) and one genome similar to those found in New World diploids (the D genome). This textbook example of allopolyploid speciation has been studied and corroborated from many perspectives (4); yet the identity of the ancestral parental taxa remains unresolved.…”

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New World tetraploid cottons contain Old World cytoplasm

Wendel

1989

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

480

376

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New World tetraploid cottons (Gossypium spp.) originated through hybridization of ancestral diploid species that presently have allopatric ranges in Asia-Africa (the A genome) and the New World tropics and subtropics (the D genome). Despite intensive study, the identity of the parental diploids and the antiquity of polyploidization remain unresolved. In this study, variation in the maternally inherited chloroplast genome was assessed among species representing both of the parental genomes and the tetraploids. Approximately 560 restriction sites were assayed in each accession, representing sequence information for about 3200 nucleotides. The resulting maternal phylogeny has no convergent restriction site mutations and demonstrates that the cytoplasm donor for all tetraploid species was an A genome diploid with a chloroplast genome that is similar to Gossypium arboreum and Gossypium herbaceum. No mutational differences were detected between these two species, and few mutations distinguish the chloroplast genomes of A genome diploids from those of tetraploid taxa. In contrast to expectations based on extensive taxonomic, geographic, and genetic diversity, a surprisingly low level of sequence divergence has accumulated subsequent to polyploidization. Chloroplast genomes of tetraploid species are distinguished from each other by between one and six apparent point mutations. The data suggest that tetraploid cotton originated relatively recently, perhaps within the last 1-2 million years, with subsequent rapid evolution and diversification throughout the New World tropics.The cultivated cottons and their wild relatives (Gossypium spp.) have played an important role in the history of plant cytogenetics and speciation theory. Current classifications (1-3) recognize approximately 42 species distributed throughout the warm arid regions of the world, comprising either 5 or 6 tetraploid taxa and about 36 diploid species divided into 7 cytogenetic groups or "genomes" (4). Included in the genus are the morphologically diverse and geographically widespread cultivated cottons, consisting ofthe AsianAfrican diploids Gossypium arboreum L. and Gossypium herbaceum L. (2n = 26) and the New World tetraploids Gossypium barbadense L. and Gossypium hirsutum L. (2n = 4x = 52). Pioneering cytogenetic investigations by Beasley

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“…In all studies, chromosome conjugation at metaphase was used as a criterion of chromosome homology. A number of investigators (Beasley, 1940;Brown and Menzel, 1952a,b;Cannon, 1903;Denham, 1924;Endrizzi, 1957;Endrizzi and Brown, 1964;Kammacher, 1960;Skovsted, 1937;Webber, 1935Webber, , 1939 have made cytological examinations of the triploid hybrids between G. hirsutum and the American diploid species.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The data for the number of ovules per ovary were grouped according to cytotype within each species and within each haplo. The aneu- Skovsted, 1937 (AD),D, 12.05 13.04 0.50 Webber, 1939 (AD),D, 12.70 13.06 0.18 Authors (3x plants) (AD),D, 11.65 14.30 0.40 Skovsted, 1937 (ADhD2., 12.15 13.50 0.40 Skovsted, 1937 (AD),D 2., 13.35 11.85 0.15 Skovsted, 1937 (ADhD2., 12.10 14.50 0.10 Skovsted, 1937 (ADhD2. ' 12.00 14.10 0.30 Authors (3x plants) (ADhD2.'…”

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A Study of Triploid and 3 X – 1 Aneuploid Plants in the Genus Gossypium

Douglas

Brown

1971

American J of Botany

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Cytological comparisons were made of triploid and 3x – 1 plants of Gossypium hirsutum (haplo 17 and 18) X G. aridum, G. armourianum, G. harknessii, and G. raimondii. Tests and observations led to these conclusions: (1) Chromosome conjugation varied significantly from plant to plant and date to date within plants. (2) The D genome chromosomes of G. hirsutum are closer in homology to G. raimondii than to the other species tested. (3) The chromosomes of G. aridum, have closer homology to the A genome of G. hirsutum than do the chromosomes of the other D species tested. (4) The D genome of G. hirsutum has a small translocation as compared to the genomes of the four D species studied.

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Cytological studies in cotton

Cited by 79 publications

References 11 publications

Haploid—diploid Twin Embryos in Lilium and Nicotiana

Haploid—diploid Twin Embryos in Lilium and Nicotiana

New World tetraploid cottons contain Old World cytoplasm

A Study of Triploid and 3 X – 1 Aneuploid Plants in the Genus Gossypium

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