Cytological studies in two diploid mulberry varieties (Moraceae)

Venkatesh, K. H.; Munirajappa,

doi:10.3199/iscb.9.35

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Besides the FCM analysis, classical cytological work to estimate the metaphase chromosome number is essential to validate the chromosomal number, which is lacking in previous studies (Ohri and Kumar, 1986;Yamanouchi et al, 2017;Chang et al, 2018). Attempts were made to count metaphase chromosome numbers using shoot-tips of original plants and present cytological evidence corroborates with previous studies (Basavaiah et al 1989;Venkatesh, 2015;Venkatesh et al 2014;Kumara and Basavaiah, 2016;Yamanouchi et al 2017;Kumara et al 2021), which strengthening our FCM analysis.…”

Section: Estimation Of Genome Size (Gs) and Intra-specific Variationsupporting

confidence: 83%

“…The economically important species of mulberry available in India are M. alba, M. indica, M. atropurpurea, M. nigra, M. serrata, M. latifolia, and M. laevigata (Dandin et al, 1987;Basavaiah et al, 1989). Moreover, metaphase chromosome count, detecting the ploidy status, size, and nature of chromosomes and behaviour in pairing and segregation during meiosis has been restricted to a few popular mulberry varieties and polyploid species only like M. serrata, M. tiliaefolia and M. nigra Chakraborti et al, 1999;Thumilan and Dandin, 2009;2014;Venkatesh, 2014;2015;Shafiei and Basavaiah, 2018). Despite our increasing recognition of the chromosomal number or ploidy level, we are still unaware of the biological effects of ploidy in mulberry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Genome size, genetic diversity, and phenotypic variability imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity in the cross-pollinated tree species of mulberry

Gnanesh

Mondal

Arunakumar

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Genome size, genetic diversity, and phenotypic vitiation were estimated to develop a model-based population structure and identify ploidy-associated traits of a wide collection of cross-pollinated, highly heterozygous tree species of Morus. Elucidation of genome size (GS), genetic and phenotypic variation is the fundamental aspect of crop improvement programs. Mulberry is a cross-pollinated, highly heterozygous tree eudicot, and comprised of huge ploidy variation with great adaptability across the world. However, because of inadequate information on GS, ploidy-associated traits, as well as the correlation between genetic and phenotypic variation hinder the further improvement of mulberry. In this present research, a core set of 157 germplasm accessions belonging to eight accepted species of Morus including promising functional varieties were chosen to represent the genetic spectrum from the whole germplasm collection. To estimate the GS, accessions were subjected to flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and the result suggested that four different ploidies (2n=2x, 3x, 4x, and 6x) with GS ranging from 0.72 (S-30) to 2.89 (M. serrata), accounting ~4.01 fold difference. The predicted polyploidy was further confirmed with metaphase chromosome count. In addition, the genetic variation was estimated by selecting a representative morphologically, diverse population of 82 accessions comprised of all ploidy variations using simple sequence repeats (SSR). The estimated average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and expected heterozygosity showed high levels of genetic diversity. Additionally, three populations were identified by the model-based population structure (k=3) with a moderate level of correlation between the populations and different species of mulberry, which imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity that could be a consequence of the high level of heterozygosity imposed by natural cross-pollination. Further, the correlation between ploidies, especially diploid and triploid with selected phenotypic traits was identified, however, consistency could not be defined with higher ploidy levels (>3x). Moreover, incite gained here can serve as a platform for future omics approaches to the improvement of mulberry traits.

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Section: Estimation Of Genome Size (Gs) and Intra-specific Variationsupporting

confidence: 83%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome size, genetic diversity, and phenotypic variability imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity in the cross-pollinated tree species of mulberry

Gnanesh

Mondal

Arunakumar

et al. 2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The economically important species of mulberry available in India are M. alba, M. indica, M. atropurpurea, M. nigra, M. serrata, M. latifolia, and M. laevigata [13,15]. Moreover, metaphase chromosome count, detecting the ploidy status, size, and nature of chromosomes and behaviour in pairing and segregation during meiosis has been restricted toa few popular mulberry varieties and polyploid species only like M. serrata, M. tiliaefolia and M. nigra [10,[16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. Despite our increasing recognition of the chromosomal number or ploidy level, we are still unaware of the biological effects of ploidy in mulberry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genome size, genetic diversity, and phenotypic variability imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity in the cross-pollinated tree species of mulberry

Gnanesh,

Mondal,

G. S.

et al. 2023

PLoS ONE

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Elucidation of genome size (GS), genetic and phenotypic variation is the fundamental aspect of crop improvement programs. Mulberry is a cross-pollinated, highly heterozygous tree eudicot, and comprised of huge ploidy variation with great adaptability across the world. However, because of inadequate information on GS, ploidy-associated traits, as well as the correlation between genetic and phenotypic variation hinder the further improvement of mulberry. In this present research, a core set of 157 germplasm accessions belonging to eight accepted species of Morus including promising functional varieties were chosen to represent the genetic spectrum from the whole germplasm collection. To estimate the GS, accessions were subjected to flow cytometry (FCM) analysis and the result suggested that four different ploidies (2n = 2x, 3x, 4x, and 6x) with GS ranging from 0.72±0.005pg (S-30) to 2.89±0.015pg (M. serrata), accounting~4.01 fold difference. The predicted polyploidy was further confirmed with metaphase chromosome count. In addition, the genetic variation was estimated by selecting a representative morphologically, diverse population of 82 accessions comprised of all ploidy variations using simple sequence repeats (SSR). The estimated average Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and expected heterozygosity showed high levels of genetic diversity. Additionally, three populations were identified by the model-based population structure (k = 3) with a moderate level of correlation between the populations and different species of mulberry, which imply the effect of genetic variation instead of ploidy on trait plasticity that could be a consequence of the high level of heterozygosity imposed by natural cross-pollination. Further, the correlation between ploidies, especially diploid and triploid with selected phenotypic traits was identified, however, consistency could not be defined with higher ploidy levels (>3x). Moreover, incite gained here can serve as a platform for future omics approaches to the improvement of mulberry traits.

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