Cytology and Genetics of A Sporeless Mutant of <i>Lentinus Edodes</i>

Hasebe, Kozaburo; Murakami, Shigeyuki; Tsuneda, A.

doi:10.1080/00275514.1991.12026019

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Traditionally, the lifecycle of L. edodes is similar to that of most basidiomycete mushrooms. Each basidium produces four basidiospores that uninucleate through meiosis (Hasebe et al, 1991; Shimomura et al, 2011), after which the basidiospores germinate to grow into monokaryotic mycelium containing a single haploid nucleus in each cell compartment, with the cell separated by a septum. The dikaryon of L. edodes is typically distinguished by the following morphological characteristics: regular distribution of two haploid nuclei and formation of a clamp connection in each hyphal cell (Byeongsuk et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Nuclear Number and Size in Vegetative Hyphae of the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

Gao¹,

Yan²,

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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In basidiomycete fungi, the number of nuclei and their ploidy level per nucleus can vary tremendously among species; however, within species, nuclear number and ploidy levels are traditionally considered fixed in their vegetative hyphae. In the edible mushroom Lentinula edodes, the hyphae are classified as either monokaryotic or dikaryotic, with each monokaryotic hyphal cell containing one haploid nucleus, and each dikaryotic hyphal cell containing two haploid nuclei. The dikaryotic hyphae are the results of mating between two genetically distinct monokaryons with different mating types. In this study, we examined the nuclear number and size (a potential correlate to ploidy) of L. edodes mycelia throughout its vegetative growth. We found that the number of nuclei within individual hyphal cells varied widely from non-nucleated to uninucleated, dinucleated, and multinucleated. Additionally, different nuclei within the same cell appeared very different in size, with a maximum nucleus cross-sectional area of 4.94 μm2 and the minimum nucleus cross-sectional area at only 0.37 μm2. Moreover, as culture time increased, more cells appeared to be devoid of any nuclei, with transmission electron microscopy and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assays of late-stage cultures showing autophagosomes fusing and dissolving the nuclei and resulting in a large number of TUNEL-positive DNA fragments in non-nucleated cells. These results indicated that non-nucleated cells were likely caused by autophagy and apoptosis-like activities within aging L. edodes hyphae.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in Nuclear Number and Size in Vegetative Hyphae of the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

Gao¹,

Yan²,

Wang

et al. 2019

Front. Microbiol.

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“…To date, spontaneous sporeless mutants have been found in Coprinopsis cinerea (Schaeff.) Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo (6,9), Schizophyllum commune Fr (4), Lentinus edodes (10), Pleurotus ostreatus (7), and Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél (36).…”

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confidence: 99%

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map Based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers and Development of Sequence-Tagged Site Markers for Marker-Assisted Selection of the Sporeless Trait in the Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii)

Okuda

Ueda

Obatake³

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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A large number of spores from fruiting bodies can lead to allergic reactions and other problems during the cultivation of edible mushrooms, including Pleurotus eryngii (DC.) Quél. A cultivar harboring a sporulation-deficient (sporeless) mutation would be useful for preventing these problems, but traditional breeding requires extensive time and labor. In this study, using a sporeless P. eryngii strain, we constructed a genetic linkage map to introduce a molecular breeding program like marker-assisted selection. Based on the segregation of 294 amplified fragment length polymorphism markers, two mating type factors, and the sporeless trait, the linkage map consisted of 11 linkage groups with a total length of 837.2 centimorgans (cM). The gene region responsible for the sporeless trait was located in linkage group IX with 32 amplified fragment length polymorphism markers and the B mating type factor. We also identified eight markers closely linked (within 1.2 cM) to the sporeless locus using bulked-segregant analysis-based amplified fragment length polymorphism. One such amplified fragment length polymorphism marker was converted into two sequence-tagged site markers, SD488-I and SD488-II. Using 14 wild isolates, sequence-tagged site analysis indicated the potential usefulness of the combination of two sequence-tagged site markers in cross-breeding of the sporeless strain. It also suggested that a map constructed for P. eryngii has adequate accuracy for marker-assisted selection.

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“…Redhead, Vilgalys & Moncalvo (8,9), Schizophyllum commune Fr. (10), L. edodes (11), P. ostreatus (12), and P. pulmonarius (13). Artificial mutagenesis using UV irradiation and chemical compounds has also been carried out to generate sporeless mutants of some mushroom species, including C. cinerea (14,15), Agrocybe cylindracea (DC.)…”

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An MSH4 Homolog, stpp1 , from Pleurotus pulmonarius Is a “Silver Bullet” for Resolving Problems Caused by Spores in Cultivated Mushrooms

Okuda

Murakami

Honda

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

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The enormous number of spores produced by fruiting bodies during cultivation of mushrooms can lead to allergic reactions of workers, reduction of commercial value, spread of mushroom disease, pollution of facilities, and depletion of genetic diversity in natural populations. A cultivar harboring a sporulation-deficient (sporeless) mutation would be very useful for preventing these problems, but sporeless commercial cultivars are very limited in usefulness because sporeless traits are often linked with traits that are unfavorable for commercial cultivation. Thus, identifying a causal gene of a sporeless phenotype not linked to the adverse traits in breeding and cultivation is crucial for the establishment of sporeless breeding using a strategy employing targeting induced local lesions in genomes (TILLING) in cultivated mushrooms. We used a Pleurotus pulmonarius (Fr.) Quél. sporeless strain to identify and characterize the single recessive gene controlling the mutation. The 3,853-bp stpp1 gene encodes a protein of 854 amino acids and belongs to the MutS homolog (MSH) family associated with mismatch repair in DNA synthesis or recombination in meiosis. Gene expression analysis of the fruiting body showed that this gene is strongly expressed in the gills. Phenotypic analysis of disruptants formed by gene targeting suggested a reproducible sporeless phenotype. Mutants deficient in a functional copy of this gene have no unfavorable traits for sporeless cultivar breeding, so this gene will be an extremely useful target for efficient and versatile sporeless breeding in P. pulmonarius and various other cultivated mushrooms.

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Cytology and Genetics of A Sporeless Mutant of Lentinus Edodes

Cited by 14 publications

References 10 publications

Variations in Nuclear Number and Size in Vegetative Hyphae of the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

Variations in Nuclear Number and Size in Vegetative Hyphae of the Edible Mushroom Lentinula edodes

Construction of a Genetic Linkage Map Based on Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Markers and Development of Sequence-Tagged Site Markers for Marker-Assisted Selection of the Sporeless Trait in the Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus eryngii)

An MSH4 Homolog, stpp1 , from Pleurotus pulmonarius Is a “Silver Bullet” for Resolving Problems Caused by Spores in Cultivated Mushrooms

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