Cytology of Cold Induced Transformation of Octogenic Reproductive Cysts to Resting Cysts in <i>Colpoda maupasi</i>*

Padnos, Morton

doi:10.1111/j.1550-7408.1962.tb02573.x

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…With reference to this issue, Diaz et al, 2003 suggested that cell division must be completed before cells undergo encystment in C. minima. However, observations by Padons, 1962 andMartín-González et al, 1994, in which the 2-cyst was also observed in C. maupasi and C. inflata, contradict the above view. These observations support the traditional idea that dividing vegetative cells can undergo resting cyst formation (Foissner, 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Akematsu¹,

Matsuoka²

2008

Cell Biology International

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The extrusion of macronuclear chromatin is a remarkable characteristic during encystment in Colpoda, but the biological significance of this phenomenon has not been fully elucidated. Here we demonstrate that chromatin extrusion occurs with high frequency when encystment was induced by increasing Ca(2+) in growing cells in various stages of the cell cycle. The Feulgen-DNA reaction revealed that vegetatively growing cells have more macronuclear DNA than cells in the stationary phase, suggesting an association of macronuclear DNA content with the execution of chromatin extrusion. Using 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI), we found that the size of the macronuclear extrusion body was reduced with time and eventually disappeared approximately 24h after encystment induction. In addition, oligonucleosome-sized DNA cleavage was confirmed to occur concomitant with the size reduction, suggesting that the extrusion body is selectively degraded, while the normal macronucleus remains alive. Combined use of acridine orange and Hoechst 33342 demonstrated that the extruded body was increasingly acidified before final resorption. These features are reminiscent of the nuclear degradation process in conjugating Tetrahymena, and therefore we conclude that chromatin extrusion in Colpoda might occur to adjust the macronuclear DNA content prior to encystment. In this way, it is similar to the apoptotic-like nuclear death that occurs during the conjugation of other ciliates.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 87%

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Akematsu¹,

Matsuoka²

2008

Cell Biology International

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“…Pattersoniella vitiphila Foissner, 1987 produces normal and giant morphs but never showed cannibalistic behavior (Foissner, 1987). The giant formation is also found in other groups of ciliates such as the peniculine Lembadion bullinum (Kuhlmann, 1993;Kopp and Tollrian, 2003); the colpodeans Colpoda cucullus (Foissner, 1993), C. maupasi (Padnos, 1962), Ottowphrya magna (Foissner et al, 2002), and Platyophryides latus (de Puytorac et al, 1992); the tetrahymenids Glaucoma ferox (Foissner, 2013), G. reniformis, andG. scintillans (McCoy, 1975); and the heterotrichids Blepharisma americanum, B. japonicum, and B. undulans (Giese, 1938;Nilsson, 1967;Schorr and Boggs, 1974;Foissner and O'Donoghue, 1990).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Polymorphism, gigantism, and cannibalism, one stylonychid ciliate (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) to rule them all

2023

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The morphology, ontogenesis, and molecular phylogeny of the polymorphic and cannibalistic giant forming Tetmemena polymorpha n. sp., found in a brackish water sample in South Korea, were investigated. The present species has long been misidentified as “Oxytricha bifaria.” The new investigation shows that the species produces three morphologically different morphs. The small morph is bacterivorous and characterized by its small body size and slim body and it is found only in the stationary and decline phases of the culture. The large morph has a wide body, larger oral apparatus, and feeds on small eukaryotes such as yeast cells and small ciliates. It divides very quickly and produces the other two morphs and found in the exponential phase of the cultures. The giant morph is characterized by its huge body and oral apparatus. It feeds on the small morph cells of the same species and other ciliates, and occurs together with the small morph. Phylogenetic analyses based on the 18S rRNA gene sequences show that the new species is placed in a sister subclade to that containing other Tetmemena sequences. Moreover, Tetmemena indica Bharti et al., 2019 nov. stat. is raised to species level based on the differences in the cyst morphology and the dorsal ciliature to the authoritative Tetmemena pustulata population.

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“…In contrast, in our two strains of C. influtu, these nuclear abnormalities d o not occur. As pointed out by Padnos [37] and Penn [38] if the encystment induction occurs rapidly enough, some division cysts become resting cysts.…”

Section: General Morphology Of Vegetative Cellsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cortical and Nuclear Events During Cell Division and Resting Cyst Formation in Colpoda inflata

Martín‐González

Benı́tez

Gutiérrez

1991

The Journal of Protozoology

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Nuclear and cortical phenomena during dividing and resting cyst formation of Colpoda inflata are described. Cell division forms a cyst and produces two or four tomites. In each tomite, the right oral field results from the proliferation of the anterior extreme of a single kinety, and the left oral field results from the proliferation of four, five, or six somatic kineties. After macronuclear division, each macronuclear mass undergoes a chromatinic extrusion process. During resting cyst formation, the oral infraciliature of the vegetative cell is resorbed. The somatic kineties dispose in a radial way and some pairs of kinetosomes disappear. As in cell division, there is an extrusion process. From these results we conclude that the resting cysts of Colpoda inflata cannot be included in any group of the previous classifications for hypotrich resting cysts. Thus, we propose a new additional group to Walker and Maugel's classification called PKR (partial‐kinetosome‐resorbing) cysts.

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Cytology of Cold Induced Transformation of Octogenic Reproductive Cysts to Resting Cysts in *Colpoda maupasi**

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Polymorphism, gigantism, and cannibalism, one stylonychid ciliate (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) to rule them all

Cortical and Nuclear Events During Cell Division and Resting Cyst Formation in Colpoda inflata

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Cytology of Cold Induced Transformation of Octogenic Reproductive Cysts to Resting Cysts in Colpoda maupasi*

Cited by 15 publications

References 11 publications

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Chromatin extrusion in resting encystment of Colpoda cucullus: A possible involvement of apoptosis‐like nuclear death

Polymorphism, gigantism, and cannibalism, one stylonychid ciliate (Ciliophora, Hypotricha) to rule them all

Cortical and Nuclear Events During Cell Division and Resting Cyst Formation in Colpoda inflata

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Cytology of Cold Induced Transformation of Octogenic Reproductive Cysts to Resting Cysts in *Colpoda maupasi**