Cytology of the Asexual Stages of the Australian Brown Rot Fungus &lt;i&gt;Monilinia fructicola&lt;/i&gt; (Wint.) Honey

Hall, Robert

doi:10.1508/cytologia.28.181

Cited by 19 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Although previous cytological studies have shown that fungi in the genus Monilinia are multinucleate (~5 to 10 nuclei per conidium) (13,15,31), only one peak was detected for each locus, which is consistent with the haploid-monokaryotic state of other fungi in the Sclerotinaceae (17,25,32). The number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 16, with an average of 9 alleles per locus.…”

Section: Preliminary Evaluation Of Microsatellite Markerssupporting

confidence: 68%

Spatial Patterns of Brown Rot Epidemics and Development of Microsatellite Markers for Analyzing Fine-Scale Genetic Structure of Monilinia fructicola Populations Within Peach Tree Canopies

Everhart¹,

Askew²,

Seymour³

et al. 2012

Plant Health Progress

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To better understand the fine-scale spatial dynamics of brown rot disease and corresponding fungal genotypes, we analyzed three-dimensional spatial patterns of pre-harvest fruit rot caused by Monilinia fructicola in individual peach tree canopies and developed microsatellite markers for canopy-level population genetics analyses. Using a magnetic digitizer, high-resolution maps of fruit rot development in five representative trees were generated, and M. fructicola was isolated from each affected fruit. To characterize disease aggregation, nearestneighbor distances among symptomatic fruit were calculated and compared with appropriate random simulations. Within-canopy disease aggregation correlated negatively with the number of diseased fruit per tree (r = −0.827, P = 0.0009), i.e., aggregation was greatest when the number of diseased fruit was lowest. Sixteen microsatellite primers consistently amplified polymorphic regions in a geographically diverse test population of 47 M. fructicola isolates. None of the test isolates produced identical multilocus genotypes, and the number of alleles per locus ranged from 2 to 16. We are applying these markers to determine fine-scale population structure of the pathogen within and among canopies. Accepted for publication 23 May 2012. Published 23 July 2012.

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Section: Preliminary Evaluation Of Microsatellite Markerssupporting

confidence: 68%

Spatial Patterns of Brown Rot Epidemics and Development of Microsatellite Markers for Analyzing Fine-Scale Genetic Structure of Monilinia fructicola Populations Within Peach Tree Canopies

Everhart¹,

Askew²,

Seymour³

et al. 2012

Plant Health Progress

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“…listed in the Fungal Genome Size Database (Kullman et al ., 2005; Gregory et al ., 2007), 0·6 pg of DNA corresponds to 27 fungal genomes. As a conidium of the brown rot fungi contains on average 6·6 nuclei (with a range from 4 to 10) (Hall, 1963; Hoffman, 1972), it is estimated that the detection limit of the assay is four conidia. Compared to the conventional assays designed by Ioos & Frey (2000) that have been implemented in this laboratory with detection limits of 10 pg of DNA (or 240 conidia), this is a more than a 10‐fold improvement of analytical sensitivity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A real‐time (TaqMan) PCR assay to differentiate Monilinia fructicola from other brown rot fungi of fruit crops

et al. 2010

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To prevent the entry and spread of the brown rot fungus Monilinia fructicola in Europe, a fast and reliable method for detection of this organism is essential. In this study, an automated DNA extraction method combined with a multiplex real-time PCR based on TaqMan chemistry was developed for fast, convenient and reliable detection of both the EU quarantine organism Monilinia fructicola and the three other brown rot fungi M. fructigena, M. laxa and Monilia polystroma. Using the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA gene repeat, a Monilinia genus-specific primer pair and two differently labelled fluorogenic probes specific for M. fructicola and the group M. fructigena ⁄ M. laxa ⁄ Monilia polystroma were developed. The analytical specificity of the assay was assessed by testing 33 isolates of the four brown rot fungi and 13 isolates of related fungal species or other fungal species that can be present on stone and pome fruit. No crossreactions were observed. The assay was found to have a detection limit of 0AE6 pg of DNA, corresponding to 27 haploid genomes or four conidia. Comparison of a manual DNA isolation followed by a conventional PCR with an automated DNA isolation combined with the presently developed real-time PCR showed that the latter method gave improved results when tested with 72 naturally infected stone fruit samples. The detection rate increased from 65 to 97%.

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“…The multinucleate state of macroconidia and hyphal cells of Monilinia spp. is well known (Heuberger, 1934; Hall, 1963; Willetts and Calonge, 1969; Hoffman, 1972, 1974), and can result from the formation of heterokaryons. Studies on the vegetative compatibility of M. fructicola populations from Georgia (USA) peach orchards showed 96.2% incompatibility between isolates collected from blighted blossoms and infected fruit in two orchards (Scherm and Emery, 2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic Diversity in Monilinia laxa Populations in Peach Orchards in Spain

Gell¹,

Larena²,

Melgarejo³

2007

Journal of Phytopathology

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One-hundred and forty-four random amplified polymorphic DNA markers, of which 59 were polymorphic and 85 monomorphic, were used to assess the genetic diversity and to study the structure of Monilinia laxa populations in Spain. Twenty-one isolates collected from several orchards (subpopulations), in various years and in various hosts, were used. The analysis of population structure revealed that genetic diversity within orchards (H S ) accounted for 97% of the total genetic diversity (H T ), while genetic diversity among the orchards represented only 3%. The relative magnitude of gene differentiation between subpopulations (G ST ) and the estimate of the number of migrants per generation (N m ) averaged 0.032 and 15.1 respectively. The results obtained in dendrograms were in accordance with the gene diversity analysis. Grouping of isolates in the dendrogram was independent of whether they came from the same or different orchards. There was no relationship between clustering among isolates from distinct years and hosts. The relative importance of several evolutionary forces in populations of M. laxa is discussed, together with implications for the management of brown rot.

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Cytology of the Asexual Stages of the Australian Brown Rot Fungus <i>Monilinia fructicola</i> (Wint.) Honey

Cited by 19 publications

References 23 publications

Spatial Patterns of Brown Rot Epidemics and Development of Microsatellite Markers for Analyzing Fine-Scale Genetic Structure of Monilinia fructicola Populations Within Peach Tree Canopies

Spatial Patterns of Brown Rot Epidemics and Development of Microsatellite Markers for Analyzing Fine-Scale Genetic Structure of Monilinia fructicola Populations Within Peach Tree Canopies

A real‐time (TaqMan) PCR assay to differentiate Monilinia fructicola from other brown rot fungi of fruit crops

Genetic Diversity in Monilinia laxa Populations in Peach Orchards in Spain

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