Cytolytic Effects and Apoptosis Induction of Newcastle Disease Virus Strain AF2240 on Anaplastic Astrocytoma Brain Tumor Cell Line

Abstract

Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a member of genus Avulavirus within the family Paramyxoviridae. Interest of using NDV as an anticancer agent has arisen from its ability to kill tumor cells with limited toxicity to normal cells. In this investigation, the cytotolytic properties of NDV strain AF2240 were evaluated on brain tumor cell line, anaplastic astrocytoma (U-87MG), by using MTT assay. Cytological observations were studied using fluorescence microscopy and transmission electron microscopy to show the apoptogenic features of NDV on U-87MG. DNA laddering in agarose gel electrophoresis and terminal deoxyribonucleotide transferase-mediated dUTP-X nick end-labeling staining assay confirmed that the mode of cell death was by apoptosis. However, analysis of the cellular DNA content by flowcytometery showed that there was a loss of treated U-87MG cells in all cell cycle phases (G1, S and G2/M) accompanied with increasing in sub-G1 region (apoptosis peak). Early apoptosis was observed 6 h post-inoculation by annexin-V flow-cytometry method. It could be concluded that NDV strain AF2240 is a potent antitumor agent that induce apoptosis and its cytotoxicity increasing while increasing of time and virus titer.

Cell cycle arrest and mechanism of apoptosis induction in H400 oral cancer cells in response to Damnacanthal and Nordamnacanthal isolated from Morinda citrifolia

“…Apoptosis is characterized by particular morphological as well as biochemical alterations, which include cell shrinkage, nuclear condensation and fragmentation, plasma membrane blebbing, formation of apoptotic bodies in addition to loss of cell contacts to neighbor cells (Nishida et al 2008). Biochemical changes consist of chromosomal DNA cleavage into internucleosomal fragments, externalization of phosphatidylserine and the cleavage of some intracellular substrates by specific proteolysis (Ali et al 2011). In the present study, cytotoxic potential of DAM and NDAM on oral squamous cell carcinoma cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay.…”

Apoptosis Induction, Cell Cycle Arrest and in Vitro Anticancer Activity of Gonothalamin in a Cancer Cell Lines

“…Apoptotic cells, due to a change in membrane permeability, showed an increased up-take of the vital dye, PI, compared to live cells (Nicoletti et al, 1991;Telford et al, 1994). This method is useful for quantitative estimates of the fractions of cells in the different phases of the cell cycle (Ali et al, 2011). In this study goniothalamin treatment on HeLa cells produced S phase cell cycle accumulation with a large increase in the sub-G1 which mean there was a relationship between goniothalamin-induced S phase arrest and apoptosis(p<0.001).…”

“…HeLa cells were quantified using propidium iodide (PI) and acridine-orange (AO) double staining according to standard procedures and examine under fluorescence microscope (Lieca attached with Q-Floro Software) (Mishell et al, 1980;Ali, 2011).…”

Induction of Caspase-9, Biochemical Assessment and Morphological Changes Caused by Apoptosis in Cancer Cells Treated with Goniothalamin Extracted from Goniothalamus macrophyllus

“…Hela cells were quantified using propidium iodide (PI) and acridine-orange (AO) double staining according to standard procedures and examine under fluorescence microscope (Lieca attached with Q-Floro Software) (Mishell et al, 1980;Ali, 2011). Hela cells were seeded in 6-well plate and incubated at 37°C in 5%CO 2 atmosphere.…”