Cytomegalovirus Infection After Solid Organ Transplantation

Razonable, Raymund R.; Limaye, Ajit P.

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-28797-3_25

Cited by 20 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 352 publications

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“…CMV is a beta herpes virus and, after bacterial pneumonia, is the second most common infection in lung transplant recipients (16), being one of the main cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. It has been associated with tissue injury and infection, and some authors indicate CMV as a risk factor for acute and chronic rejection (17,18); finally, CMV may play an immunomodulatory role promoting several other opportunistic infections (19).…”

Section: CMVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections after lung transplantation

Nosotti¹,

Tarsia

Morlacchi

2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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The good clinical result of lung transplantation is constantly undermined by the high incidence of infection, which negatively impacts on function and survival. Moreover, infections may also have immunological interactions that play a role in the acute rejection and in the development of chronic lung allograft dysfunction. There is a temporal sequence in the types of infection that affects lung allograft: in the first postoperative month bacteria are the most frequent cause of infection; following this phase, cytomegalovirus and Pneumocystis carinii are common. Fungal infections are particularly feared due to their association with bronchial complication and high mortality. Scrupulous postoperative surveillance is mandatory for the successful management of lung transplantation patients with respect to early detection and treatment of infections. This paper is aimed to address clinicians in the management of the major infectious complications that affect the lung transplant population.

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Section: CMVmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infections after lung transplantation

Nosotti¹,

Tarsia

Morlacchi

2018

J. Thorac. Dis.

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“…The seroprevalence of CMV in the United States is estimated to be high, with up to 90% of adults being seropositive . CMV establishes lifelong latency in many cell types, which allows for an efficient transmission of CMV to susceptible hosts during organ transplantation .…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus (Cmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CMV is one of the most common infectious complications affecting SOT patients and is associated with significant morbidity and occasional mortality . Risk factors for CMV disease include seronegative recipients of seropositive organs (D+/R−) and, to a lesser extent, seropositive recipients (D±/R+), lymphodepleting antibodies, and more potent immunosuppressive regimens . The risk of CMV disease also varies depending on the type of organ transplant: lung, small bowel, and pancreas transplant recipients generally have the highest risk, while liver and kidney recipients carry the lowest risk for CMV disease .…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus (Cmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although the 2 agents have been shown to have similar antiviral and clinical response rates in patients with non‐life‐threatening infections, intravenous GCV is often used if there is concern for inadequate absorption of oral valGCV (e.g., in patients with vomiting and diarrhea), or early in the treatment of proven CMV colitis . Intravenous GCV can be followed by a step‐down therapy with treatment doses of valGCV when clinical symptoms improve .…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus (Cmv)mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Diarrhea caused by viruses in transplant recipients

Lee

Ison

2014

Transplant Infectious Dis

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Diarrhea is a common complication after solid organ transplantation, and viruses are emerging as important but underestimated causative agents. Viral infections in solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients can result in severe and prolonged diarrhea with significant patient morbidity and graft complications. Cytomegalovirus remains the most common of the viruses to cause diarrhea, but other viruses are being increasingly recognized, including norovirus, rotavirus, and adenovirus. This article reviews the epidemiology, clinical presentation, diagnosis, management, and outcomes of these viral causes of diarrhea in SOT patients.

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“…14,[16][17][18][19] Relevant precedents are cytomegalovirus D + /R − and hepatitis B core antigen D + /R − LT, which are accepted by the LT community. 20,21 Given that HCV D + /R − LT is occurring without detailed, long-term outcomes data, the LT community will benefit from robust, well-designed randomized controlled trials (RCTs) assessing the outcomes of HCV D + /R − LT. Although some may question whether carrying out RCTs is ethical given the promising short-term preliminary data, to our knowledge, a reduction in wait-list time, as well as Until more data are reported, the risk-benefit calculus will have to be applied to each patient uniquely.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%