Cytomegalovirus infection and graft survival in renal graft recipients

Cappel, R; Hestermans, O.; Toussaint, C; Vereerstraeten, Pierre; Beers, D. Van; Braekeleer, Jos De; Schoutens, E

doi:10.1007/bf01317289

Cited by 22 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…However, the mechanisms have not been fully understood. The relation between HCMV and renal allograft injury has been controversial ever since the first report by Simmons et al was published ( 35–38). Recently, we found strong evidence for HCMV‐associated graft injury in kidney transplant patients ( 39).…”

Section: Hcmv‐related Graft Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (re)activation and its impact on organ transplant patients

Reinke

Prösch

Kern

et al. 1999

Transplant Infectious Dis

125

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Human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) infection plays an important role in transplant patients. Its impact is both direct and indirect. This review focuses on new aspects of HCMV (re)activation and HCMV related pathology, particularly HCMV-associated renal allograft injury. During the last two years we have learned that HCMV is more frequently (re)activated, even in healthy people, than previously expected. Inflammatory as well as stress mediators and some drugs may (re)activate the virus by using distinct intracellular pathways. Commonly, HCMV (re)activation is accompanied by HCMV antigenemia/DNAemia, suggesting that precursor cells in the bone marrow play an important role as a reservoir of latent virus. However, local HCMV (re)activation (colon, lung) without detection of active HCMV infection in the peripheral blood is possible. In healthy people a sufficient type 1 T-cell response controls the active HCMV infection, while in patients with severe immune deficiency (AIDS, high-dose immunosuppression) the virus can spread in an uncontrolled fashion and induce 'classic' HCMV disease. In patients with moderate immune deficiency (e.g. long-term transplant patients on low-dose immunosuppression) virus spreading is controlled but the elimination of cells harboring the active virus may be insufficient. The resulting persistent HCMV antigenemia may induce chronic inflammatory processes leading to tissue injury, particularly in the allograft. Therefore, antiviral therapy may be useful in patients suffering from graft deterioration with otherwise clinically symptomless HCMV infection. HCMV-related immune deficiency with an increased risk of developing bacterial/fungal superinfections is frequently seen in patients with symptomatic HCMV disease but not in asymptomatic CMV antigenemia. The risk of developing superinfections can be predicted by flow-cytometric monitoring of peripheral blood monocytes.

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Section: Hcmv‐related Graft Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (re)activation and its impact on organ transplant patients

Reinke

Prösch

Kern

et al. 1999

Transplant Infectious Dis

125

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“…They found good correlation between the immunofluorescence assay and ELISA if, in the latter, a nuclear antigenwas used. Cappel et al (1978) used commercial AD169 antigen to develop ELISA against both specific IgG and IgM antibodies (see lgM tests, Section 6.10.1 ). The ELISA for specific IgG was more sensitive than the CF test.…”

Section: Enzvme-linked Immunosorbent Assaysmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…All studies were from the United States except ones by Andersen and Spencer (1969) and Spencer (1974) from Denmark and one by Cappel et al (1978) from Belgium. Primary infection occurred in 53% of patients who were susceptible, i.e., nonimmune, before transplantation.…”

Section: Cytomegalovirus Infection After Organ Transplantationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytomegalovirus

1991

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All rights reserved 90-14345 CIP No part of this book may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, microfilming, recording, or otherwise, without written permission from the Publisher Preface to the First EditionAlthough there are a number of excellent current reviews on one or another aspect of cytomegalovirus, the last comprehensive treatment of this subject was that of Krech et al. (197la). In view of the amazing advances in the virological, epidemiologic, and clinical knowledge of cytomegaloviruses, an up-to-date book is needed. Such a work should cover many areas of expertise and a voluminous technical literature. Each area might have been reviewed and analyzed by workers more expert than myself. However, I have embarked on the entire venture alone in order to attain unity and continuity in this book, characteristics that are not easily achieved in the more popular multiauthored works. I have tried to review the Iiterature and provide a critical summary for each area discussed. To do this, I provide as much of the primary data of the relevant works as needed and not just the qualitative conclusions. Inevitably, the flow of the narrative may be interrupted by dry facts and figures. However, such information is essential to make this a meaningful reference work. But for those not interested in such details, I have provided at what I hope are crucial points critiques and summaries.This book is not an exhaustive review of all the literature. This is probably no Ionger possible or even desirable. By selection, however, one runs the risk of having missed or ignored important papers. I am keenly aware of this, and I wish to apologize for such oversight, if that is possible.I visualize this work as being useful for physicians, scientists, and students interested in the biology of and infection by human cytomegalovirus. I feel that to understand these, the basic virology of this virus and related herpesviruses must be included. Topics that have not advanced a great deal and that are adequately described in available works, such as the anatomic pathology, have not been reviewed in detail. The emphasis has been placed on newer insights in the virology, immunology, serology, epidemiology, and especially clinical aspects of human cytomegalovirus. I wish tobring out the interactions of knowledge in these areas. Part II is a much shorter treatment of the nonhuman cytomegaloviruses, reviewed primarily from the point of view of their contribution to the understanding of the human virus. V vi Preface to the First Edition Finally, I wish to thank Drs. Charles R. Rinaldo, Jr., John A. Armstrong, and Donald N. Medearis for their critical review of the manuscript. Their suggestions were invaluable. Dr. John N. Dowling's thorough review of CMV infection in patients with malignancies was the basis of Section 13.4. I also acknowledge the indispensable and patient secretarial assistance of Ms.The remarkable medical events and advances in knowle...

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“…To our knowledge, only four cases of severe nephritis have been reported to date [4, 6, 7, 81. Mumps infection in renal transplant patients is rare [3], and it is also infrequent in leukemic patients during cytostatic treatment [2]. Thus, in general, it is not considered an opportunistic infection occurring in immunosuppressed patients.…”

Section: Mumps-associated Nephritis Mimicking Acute Rejection In a Pamentioning

confidence: 99%

Mumps-associated nephritis mimicking acute rejection in a patient under chronic dialysis treatment because of graft dysfunction

et al. 2002

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Cytomegalovirus infection and graft survival in renal graft recipients

Cited by 22 publications

References 18 publications

Mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (re)activation and its impact on organ transplant patients

Mechanisms of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) (re)activation and its impact on organ transplant patients

Cytomegalovirus

Mumps-associated nephritis mimicking acute rejection in a patient under chronic dialysis treatment because of graft dysfunction

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