Cytomegalovirus seroprevalence, recurrence, and antibody levels

Bulka, Catherine M.; Bommarito, Paige A.; Aiello, Allison E.; Fry, Rebecca C.

doi:10.1097/ee9.0000000000000100

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…To estimate the probability of disqualification of donors according to the literature, we relied on published data on potential abnormalities of the lab tests in the apparently healthy general population. [12][13][14][15] If these data were not available, such as in the case of biochemical tests, we used a previously reported large cohort of healthy Israeli adults, 18 to 60 y old, with a normal body mass index (BMI) and no use of medication, undergoing routine annual checkups at the Tel Aviv Medical Center (TLVMC) between 2000 and 2018. 16 For tests in which the rates of abnormalities in the healthy population were not available, the probability of disqualification was determined based on the experts' opinion.…”

Section: Assumptions For Disqualification Probabilities Of Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and Chronologic Optimization of Fecal Donors Screening Process

Levy,

Fliss Isakov,

Ziv-Baran

et al. 2024

MDM Policy & Practice

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Background. Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is the delivery of fecal microbiome, isolated from healthy donors, into a patient’s gastrointestinal tract. FMT is a safe and efficient treatment for recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. Donors undergo strict screening to avoid disease transmission. This consists of several blood and stool tests, which are performed in a multistage, costly process. We performed a cost-minimizing analysis to find the optimal order in which the tests should be performed. Methods. An algorithm to optimize the order of tests in terms of cost was defined. Performance analysis for disqualifying a potential healthy donor was carried out on data sets based on either the published literature or our real-life data. For both data sets, we calculated the total cost to qualify a single donor according to the optimal order of tests, suggested by the algorithm. Results. Applying the algorithm to the published literature revealed potential savings of 94.2% of the cost of screening a potential donor and 7.05% of the cost to qualify a single donor. In our cohort of 87 volunteers, 53 were not eligible for donation. Of 34 potential donors, 10 were disqualified due to abnormal lab tests. Applying our algorithm to optimize the order of tests, the average cost for screening a potential donor resulted in potential savings of 49.9% and a 21.3% savings in the cost to qualify a single donor. Conclusions. Improving the order and timing of the screening tests of potential FMT stool donors can decrease the costs by about 50% per subject. Highlights What is known: Fecal microbial transplantation (FMT) is the transfer of microbiome from healthy donors to patients. Fecal donors undergo multiple strict screening tests to exclude any transmissible disease. Screening tests of potential fecal donors is expensive and time consuming. FMT is the most efficient treatment for recurrent C difficile infection. What is new here: An algorithm to optimize the order of donors’ screening tests in terms of cost was defined. Optimizing the order tests can save nearly 50% in costs of screening a potential donor.

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Section: Assumptions For Disqualification Probabilities Of Donorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Economic and Chronologic Optimization of Fecal Donors Screening Process

Levy,

Fliss Isakov,

Ziv-Baran

et al. 2024

MDM Policy & Practice

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“…[52; 53] Pb exposure may increase individuals' susceptibility to infection, thus lengthening recovery from infection and potentially diminishing the effects of Pb exposure has also been associated with the promotion of immune system dysfunction; environmental exposure to Pb thus may decreases immune responses in addition to potentially increasing the odds of infectious diseases such as COVID-19. [54][55][56] Many cytokines such as nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) released from SARS-CoV-2-infected monocytes, and macrophages may lead to injurious cascades derived from inflammation causing injury to organs such as the liver. [57] The immunotoxic effects of Pb are multifaceted and may include the promotion of T helper 2 (Th-2) development by limiting T helper1 (Th-1) cell proliferation.…”

Section: Interaction Between Lead and Sars-cov-2 In Liver Injurymentioning

confidence: 99%

Potential Mechanisms of Combined Lead (Pb) and Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) Exposure in Liver Disease

Obeng-Gyasi

2023

Preprint

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This paper explores the mechanisms of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and lead(Pb) exposure and how they interact to promote liver dysfunction. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-CoV-2. The environment in which one resides may result in acute and chronically Pb-exposed individuals being infected with SARS-CoV-2. The effects of this exposure on liver dysfunction and its mechanisms are not fully understood. This paper seeks to close this gap in the literature by exploring potential ways this interaction may occur. Results indicated that the interaction of Pb and SARS-CoV-2 and its effects on the liver are likely through the promotion of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, oxidative stress, and inflammation. Specifically, the rise of inflammation and oxidative stress and the promotion of fibrosis and apoptosis via nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFα) were all potentially critical pathways identified. The release of liver injury enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) and their role in contributing to thrombosis, coagulopathy, and liver injury are also identified. Finally, how combined exposure may lead to endothelial-mediated inflammation and thrombosis, subsequently bringing forth NASH and NAFLD via increased Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) is discussed.

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