Cytomorphological Studies on Some North Indian Members of the Family Verbenaceae

SummaryThe present study pertains to the cytomorphology of 19 species belonging to nine families of the subclass Gamopetalae from Hamirpur district (H. P.). Out of these, 5 species are new or varied chromosomes reports. Campanula benthamii (2n=2x=28) and Leucas hyssopifolia (2n=2x= 22) are the first ever chromosome counts for the species. Spilanthes acmella (2n=6x=78) and Borreria articularis (2n=4x=52) are varied cytotypes. Meanwhile, the B chromosome is reported for the first time in Leucas lanata (2n=22+0-1B). Almost all of the accessions (with disparity in percentage) show laggards, chromosome stickiness and cytomixis from early prophase to telophase-II, leading to the formation of aneuploid cells or meiocytes with double the normal chromosome number. Such meiotic abnormalities produce unreduced pollen grains and reduce pollen viability.Key words Cytology, Gamopetalae, Hamirpur, Meiotic abnormality.Hamirpur district is situated between 76 31′ East longitude and 31 38′ North latitude. The track is hilly covered by the Shivalik range, and the elevation varies from 450 to 1100 m. Hamirpur district is the smallest district of Himachal Pradesh, which possesses unique medicinal wealth and diverse flora. Due to favorable climatic conditions, this region acts as medicinal hotspots, provides raw material for pharmaceutical, phytochemical, food, flavorings and cosmetic industries. The rich floral diversity of the district has previously attracted the attention of many ethnobotanist. Sharma et al. (2013) divulge 91 species and are considered as one of the major contributors, followed by Kumar and Choyal (2012), Seema et al. (2012) and Devi et al. (2012) who do the same for 36, 22 and 20 species, respectively. As a part of our research thrust, the cytomorphology of many species of Gamopetalae has been explored from higher altitudes of the Northwestern Himalayas by many workers. Major contributions are made by Gupta et al.

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“…1f) by Bala and Gupta (2012). The diploid (2n=24) and hexaploid (2n=72) cytotypes of species are known from outside India.…”

Section: Spilanthes Acmella Lmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anomalous Chromosomal Behaviour and Chromosomal Data in Some Members of Subclass Gamopetalae from District Hamirpur (H. P.), India

et al. 2016

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“…Despite wide distribution and importance, limited cytological data are on record and that pertain to chromosome number. While most Indian accessions and those from China and Pakistan reportedly contain 34 chromosomes (Sharma and Mukhopadhay, 1963;Gill et al, 1983;Zhang and Shangguan, 1990;Ma et al, 1990; Khatoon and Ali, 1993; Kaur and Sidhu, 2014), fragmentary reports describe its having 24 (Malik and Ahmed, 1963)/ 26 chromosomes (Sobti andSingh, 1961 andChatha andBir, 1988) and 32 chromosomes (Mehra and Bawa, 1969;Gill et al, 1983;Sandhu and Mann, 1988;Bala and Gupta, 2012;Singh et al, 2018). Reporting of variable chromosome counts for Indian nirgundi accessions and lack of cytological knowledge of populations inhabiting North-Western Himalaya prompted us to establish its chromosome number by carrying out detailed studies.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intra-specific variability in cytomictic and meiotic aspects ofunderutilizedVitex negundo L. from North-West Himalaya: putative causes and consequences

Jamwal,

Sharma

2023

Preprint

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Vitex negundo Linn., a widely distributed medicinal species of North-western Himalaya, has been studied for detailed cytological aspects. Present studies on eight populations reveals this species having 34 chromosomes, which largely show regular behaviour. Besides, studied populations of this species are unusual in exhibiting cytomixis largely between paired meiocytes at prophase and rarely between 3-4 meiocytes at anaphase. Comparison of frequency of cytomictic cells prepared using fixed and fresh anthers reveals scarce influence of anther fixation on percentage of cells showing cytoplasmic connections and chromatin transfer. Analysis of cytomictic index of plants inhabiting varying altitudes indicate overall less cytomictic index in populations from lower altitudes. Further analysis of dividing meiocytes for chromosomal number and behaviour reveals that out of eight populations, five (Govind-sar, Palli-morh, Kharoot-morh, Billawar and Rajouri) populations contains all and three contain maximum diploid cells, where as minority of cells of latter three populations exhibit near haploidy and polyploidy. Similarly translocations, manifested by occurrence of multivalent have been noted in 16-33% euploid PMCs of 4 populations (Palm, Bilr, Khrm, and Kol). Comparison of frequency of cells showing chromatin migration and meiotic anomalies reveal existence of inverse relations in these parameters. Existence of cytomictic and meiotically aberrant cells also account for the production of few deviant sized pollen grains along with normal ones. All these anomalies along with their possible cause and consequences are presented in communication.

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Intra-specific variability in cytomictic and meiotic aspects of under-utilized Vitex negundo L. from northwest Himalaya: putative causes and consequences

Jamwal,

Sharma

2024

Genet Resour Crop Evol

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Cytomorphological Studies on Some North Indian Members of the Family Verbenaceae

Cited by 3 publications

References 27 publications

Anomalous Chromosomal Behaviour and Chromosomal Data in Some Members of Subclass Gamopetalae from District Hamirpur (H. P.), India

Anomalous Chromosomal Behaviour and Chromosomal Data in Some Members of Subclass Gamopetalae from District Hamirpur (H. P.), India

Intra-specific variability in cytomictic and meiotic aspects ofunderutilizedVitex negundo L. from North-West Himalaya: putative causes and consequences

Intra-specific variability in cytomictic and meiotic aspects of under-utilized Vitex negundo L. from northwest Himalaya: putative causes and consequences

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