Cytoplasmic, nuclear, and total PBK/TOPK expression is associated with prognosis in colorectal cancer patients: A retrospective analysis based on immunohistochemistry stain of tissue microarrays

Abstract

ObjectivePDZ-binding kinase/T-LAK cell-originated protein kinase (PBK/TOPK) regulates components of the cell cycle, including cell growth, immune responses, DNA damage repair, apoptosis, and inflammation. PBK/TOPK may also accelerate tumorigenesis in colorectal cancer.MethodsWe investigated the impact of PBK/TOPK on the clinical outcome of colorectal cancer patients to further identify its role in colorectal cancer. PBK/TOPK immunoreactivity was analyzed by immunohistochemistry in 162 cancer specimens from primary colorectal cancer patients.ResultsThe mean follow-up time after surgery was 5.4 years (medium: 3.9 years; range 0.01 to 13.1 years). The prognostic value of PBK/TOPK on overall survival was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis and Cox proportional hazard models. PBK/TOPK was expressed in both the cytoplasm and nucleus. High PBK/TOPK expression in tumor cells was significantly associated with advanced T value. The 5-year survival rate was greater for patients with high total PBK/TOPK expression than with low PBK/TOPK expression (58.3% vs 34.4%, P = 0.005). Multivariate analyses showed that low-scoring cytoplasmic PBK/TOPK, negative nuclear PBK/TOPK, low total PBK/TOPK, and advanced tumor stage were correlated with poor overall patient survival.ConclusionsWe suggest that PBK/TOPK expression, detected by IHC staining, could be used as an independent prognostic marker for colorectal cancer patients.

Altered immune phenotype and DNA methylation in panic disorder

“…Though our data are in peripheral blood and it is unclear whether decreased CD8-T lymphocyte proportions are specifically a consequence of LINE-1 hypomethylation, in an analysis of 21 tumor types with nearly 7000 samples, reduced repeat element methylation was associated with reduced infiltration of CD8-T lymphocytes [ 47 ]. LINE-1 hypomethylation and activation have been associated with autoimmune diseases [ 49 – 51 ], further affirming the observed hypomethylation and reduction in CD8-T cell proportions.…”

“…Of these, several stand out given previous studies. PDZ binding-kinase ( PBK ) (also named T-lymphokine-activated killer cell-originated protein kinase ( TOPK )) has wide-ranging regulation, including cell growth and immune function [ 48 , 49 ]. Solute Carrier Organic Anion Transporter Family Member 1A2 ( SLCO1A2 ) has been implicated in transporting sulfated steroids across the blood–brain barrier [ 50 ].…”

Identification of potential hub genes associated with the pathogenesis and prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma via integrated bioinformatics analysis

“… 89 PDZ-binding kinase (encoded by PBK ) can regulate cell cycle processes. 90 Although PBK is barely detectable in normal somatic tissues, it is often elevated in various tumor tissues and is therefore an important target for cancer screening and targeted therapy. 91 , 92 Recent research has shown that PBK overexpression promotes migration and invasion of HCC, and it could be a therapeutic target for HCC metastasis.…”

Comprehensive analyses reveal three-gene signatures in ovarian cancer

“…PDZ-binding kinase (PBK) promotes malignant tumor progression in various cancers such as colorectal and oral cancer. Su et al found that PBK/TOPK expression detected by the immunohistochemical staining was signi cantly associated with prognosis in colorectal cancer patients based on a retrospective analysis [10]. Chang et al found that PBK was highly expressed in oral cancer patients, and that high PBK/TOPK expression could be a favorable prognosis marker for these patients [11].…”