Cytoskeletal and extracellular matrix proteins as markers for metastatic triple negative breast cancer

Abstract

ObjectiveThis study investigated immunohistochemical staining results of two cytoskeletal proteins (vimentin and cytokeratin-18) and two extracellular matrix proteins (fibronectin-1 and laminin-1 receptor) in different stages of triple negative breast cancer.MethodsForty triple negative cancerous breast tissues from patients diagnosed as stage 2A (15), 2B (nine), 3A (10), 3B (four), and 3C (two) were included in this study and were compared with 42 normal breast tissues. Immunohistochemistry results were statistically analyzed using the t-test percent of the StatPac program.ResultsThe percentages of positive staining in cancerous tissues for all of the studied parameters were significantly greater than their percentages in normal tissues, except for vimentin. All cancerous tissues from patients diagnosed as stage 3A, 3B, and 3C were positive for both fibronectin-1 and laminin-1 receptor.ConclusionFibronectin-1 and laminin-1 receptor are promising markers for stage 3 triple negative breast cancer.

Integrin α3β1 Represses Reelin Expression in Breast Cancer Cells to Promote Invasion

“…Indeed, we and others have identified individual α3β1-dependent genes that encode secreted proteins, including ECM proteins, extracellular proteases and growth factors, with known roles in modulating the TME [ 15 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 ]. The ECM, a major component of the TME of breast cancer, has become the focus of many studies due its significant impact on breast tumorigenesis [ 5 , 6 ]. For example, ECM proteins such as collagens and laminins have been implicated in TNBC, the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer [ 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 ].…”

“…The ECM, a major component of the TME of breast cancer, has become the focus of many studies due its significant impact on breast tumorigenesis [ 5 , 6 ]. For example, ECM proteins such as collagens and laminins have been implicated in TNBC, the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer [ 6 , 7 , 10 , 11 ]. In the current study, we demonstrated that integrin α3β1, a major receptor for laminins in the ECM, represses the expression of the RELN gene in TNBC cells, thereby identifying a novel, integrin-dependent regulation of tumor cell secretome component that modulates invasive potential.…”

“…The ECM is composed of glycoproteins (e.g., collagens, laminins, fibronectin) and proteoglycans, which together form a complex network that maintains cellular homeostasis and normal tissue function [ 3 , 4 ]. Numerous studies have revealed a crucial role for the ECM in the development and progression of triple negative breast cancer (TNBC), where it plays a prominent role in neoplastic survival and cancer progression [ 5 , 6 ]. For example, collagen type I has been shown to induce the expression of MMP-9 in the TNBC cell line, MDA-MB-231 [ 7 ], and fibronectin and laminin were identified as potential biomarkers of metastatic TNBC [ 6 ].…”

Evidence That β1-Integrin Is Required for the Anti-Viability and Anti-Proliferative Effect of Resveratrol in CRC Cells

“…A multicellular TME consists of a variety of active cells (immune cells, tumor-associated fibroblasts, endothelial cells, pericytes, adipocytes, and other stromal cells) as well as many ECM proteins and enzymes produced by tumor cells and stromal cells [5,9,10]. This complex network of ECM in the TME plays a fundamental role in tumor progression and proliferation, and is partially discussed as a specific biomarker for tumor malignancy [11][12][13].…”