Cytotoxic activity of medicinal plants of the Kakamega County (Kenya) against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells

Ochwang’i, Dominic O.; Kimwele, Charles; Oduma, Jemimah A.; Gathumbi, P. K.; Kiama, Stephen G.; Efferth, Thomas

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.004

Cited by 35 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…The methanol extract was reported to be cytotoxic and genotoxic against meristem cells of Allium cepa [ 49 ] Microglossa pyrifolia (Lam.) Kuntze Ovarian cysts [ 17 ], malaria [ 17 , 51 ] Antioxidant activity (leaf extracts) [ 52 ], cancer cell line cytotoxicity [ 53 ], antiplasmodial activity (dichloromethane leaf extract) [ 54 ] In vitro (2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay) [ 52 ], In vitro (Resazurin assay) [ 53 ], In vitro (lactate dehydrogenase assay) [ 54 ] The organic leaf extract was reported to be cytotoxic against CCRF-CEM leukemia and decreased cell growth by 48% [ 53 ] Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ovarian cysts [17], malaria [17,51] Antioxidant activity (leaf extracts) [52], cancer cell line cytotoxicity [53], antiplasmodial activity (dichloromethane leaf extract) [54] In vitro (2,2-diphenyl picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) assay) [52],…”

Section: Diversity Of Medicinal Plants Identified In the Study Area Amentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In vitro (Resazurin assay) [53], In vitro (lactate dehydrogenase assay) [54] The organic leaf extract was reported to be cytotoxic against CCRF-CEM leukemia and decreased cell growth by 48% [53] Tithonia diversifolia (Hemsl.) A. Gray…”

Section: Diversity Of Medicinal Plants Identified In the Study Area Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal plants used in managing diseases of the respiratory system among the Luo community: an appraisal of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

et al. 2020

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Background: Poor access to healthcare in rural communities causes many people to seek herbalists who use medicinal plants for the treatment of various disease conditions. Most knowledge of traditional herbal medicine makes use of indigenous remedies which are often undocumented and are at risk of being lost. The preservation of this knowledge may facilitate scientific inquiry into promising new therapeutic molecules. Methods: Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect the sociodemographic information of 30 herbalists in Kisumu East Sub County. The local names of medicinal plants used in managing illnesses of the respiratory system, their habit, active parts, indications, methods of preparation, routes of administration, scientific identity, and conservation status were also recorded. Other reported traditional uses, pharmacological activities, and toxicological data were identified via a literature search. Results: Most herbalists were female (86.7%), aged between 61 and 70 years (43.3%) with no formal education (56.7%), and had 21-30 years of practice (30%). 44 plant species, belonging to 43 genera and 28 families were identified. Leguminosae and Rutaceae plant families were predominant, leaves were frequently used (33%), and trees were the most common habit (44.4%). Most plants were collected in the wild (79.2%), preparation was mainly by decoction (68.8%), and the administration was mainly orally. The main indication was cough and 79.5% of all documented plant species had previously been reported to have a pharmacological activity relevant to the mitigation of respiratory illnesses. Toxicological data was available for 84.1% of the plant species identified. Conclusions: The predominant use of roots, root barks, and root tubers by herbalists in Kisumu East Sub County threatens to negatively impact the ecological survival of some plant species. The preservation of herbalists' knowledge of medicinal plants in the study area is a pressing concern considering their advanced age and little formal education. There is a need to conserve some of the medicinal plants documented in this study. The medicinal claims made by herbalists also warrant scientific scrutiny.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Diversity Of Medicinal Plants Identified In the Study Area Amentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal plants used in managing diseases of the respiratory system among the Luo community: an appraisal of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

et al. 2020

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“…The less popular species in African traditional medicine are P. horizontalis whose leaves are used in the management of diabetes in Nigeria (Feenna et al 2020 ); in Kenya, stem bark and leaves of P. schimperiana are used for the management of breast cancer and stomachache associated with HIV infection, respectively (Ochwang’i et al 2014 , 2018 ; Radol et al 2016 ), while in Ethiopia, the fruit is consumed by humans as one of the edible wild fruits and the roots used for management of diarrhoea (Gemedo-Dalle et al 2005 ); in Guinea-Bissau, barks and leaves of P. parviflora are used in treating pains (Catarino et al 2016 ), while in Guinea the root bark decoction is used for infectious diseases (Magassouba et al 2007 ); fruits of P. livida are consumed as edible fruits in South Africa (Magwede et al 2018 ), while in Zimbabwe the leaf paste is popularly used for treating wounds (Maroyi 2012 ; Mukandiwa et al 2012a , b ) and ecto-parasites in livestock (Nyahangare et al 2015 ).…”

Section: Ethnopharmacologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Linking phytochemistry to traditional uses and pharmacology of an underexplored genus – Psydrax: a review

2022

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The genus Psydrax is one of the ethno-medicinally important genera of the Rubiaceae family which has only received a limited scientific attention, despite coming from a pharmacologically and phytochemically important plant family. The genus has found applications in ethnomedical management of diabetes, stomach disorders, inflammations, cardiovascular diseases, epilepsy, wounds, malaria and fever. To unveil knowledge gaps, stimulate research interest and unravel opportunities for drug discovery from the genus Psydrax , we have carried out an extensive review on its traditional applications, phytochemistry and pharmacology for the first time. Literature on these topics was obtained from Google Scholar, Pubmed and ScienceDirect journal articles published from 1788 to September, 2021. Only articles written in English were reviewed. While several species of Pysdrax used in traditional medicine have not been chemically explored for drug discovery, over a hundred secondary metabolites have so far been identified in few species of the genus, and majority of these chemotaxonomic markers are iridoids. Bioactive extracts and some isolated constituents of Psydrax species have shown various in vitro and in vivo pharmacological properties including anti-hyperglycemia, anti-inflammatory, anticonvulsant and antimicrobial, and thus, support some of the ethnomedical uses of the plants. For an evidence-informed application of the genus, Psydrax , in traditional medicine, more ethnobotanical surveys, elaborate in vivo pharmacological assays, in-depth toxicity and holistic phytochemical studies are required to fully exploit more species of the genus prior to future clinical studies. Following documented traditional uses of Psydrax species, the deliberate cultivation of medicinal plants under this genus is recommended for sustainability in medicinal plant utilization.

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“…Stem extracts of H. madagascariensis induced the release of nitric oxide, which plays major role in cancer chemotherapy [105]. The methanol as well as the dichloromethane stem-bark extract of H. madagascariensis suppressed the growth of CCRF-CEM cancer cell lines [106]. The following bioactive compounds with anticancer potentials have been identified in H. madagascariensis: coumarins, anthraquinones, bioflavonoids, anthrone derivatives, and xanthones [107].…”

Section: Harungana Madagascariensis (Guttiferae)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Anticancer activity of Nigerian medicinal plants: a review

Ohiagu

Chikezie

et al. 2021

Futur J Pharm Sci

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Background Cancer is currently the leading cause of death globally and the number of deaths from cancer is on the rise daily. Medicinal plants have been in continuous use over the years for the management of cancer, particularly, in most developing countries of the world including Nigeria. The use of synthetic drugs for the treatment of cancer is often accompanied by toxic side effects. Thus, the alternative use of readily available and inexpensive medicinal plants is the panacea to the toxic side effects associated with synthetic drugs. Main body The present review summarized the anticancer activity of 51 medicinal plants that are widespread in all regions of Nigeria. Furthermore, the proposed anticancer pharmacological actions as well as the anticancer bioactive compounds, the type of cancer cell inhibited, the plant parts responsible for the anticancer activity, and the nature of the extracts used for the studies were discussed in this review. The 51 Nigerian medicinal plants were reported to exhibit anticancer activities of the prostate, cervices, lung, skin, colon, esophagus, blood, ovary, central nervous system/brain, breast, stomach, pancreas, larynx, and kidney. The major classes of bioactive compounds indicated to be responsible for the anticancer activity include the polyphenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, triterpenes, tannins, and quinones. The major anticancer pharmacological actions of these bioactive compounds were antiproliferative, cytotoxic, cytostatic, antimetastatic, apoptotic, and antioxidative as well as provoked cell cycle arrest, inhibition of angiogenesis and reduction of cancer cell viability. Conclusion The Nigerian medicinal plants can be harnessed to provide for readily available and inexpensive anticancer drugs in the future because the plants reported in this review showed promising anticancer activity.

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Cytotoxic activity of medicinal plants of the Kakamega County (Kenya) against drug-sensitive and multidrug-resistant cancer cells

Cited by 35 publications

References 54 publications

Medicinal plants used in managing diseases of the respiratory system among the Luo community: an appraisal of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Medicinal plants used in managing diseases of the respiratory system among the Luo community: an appraisal of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Linking phytochemistry to traditional uses and pharmacology of an underexplored genus – Psydrax: a review

Anticancer activity of Nigerian medicinal plants: a review

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