Cytotoxic and bioactive properties of different color tulip flowers and degradation kinetic of tulip flower anthocyanins

Abstract

This study was conducted to determine the potential use of anthocyanin-based extracts (ABEs) of wasted tulip flowers as food/drug colorants. For this aim, wasted tulip flowers were samples and analyzed for their bioactive properties and cytotoxicity. Total phenolic contents of the extracts of the claret red (126.55 mg of gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dry extract) and orange-red (113.76 mg GAE/g dry extract) flowers were the higher than those of the other tulip flowers. Total anthocyanin levels of the violet, orange-red, claret red and pink tulip flower extracts were determined as 265.04, 236.49, 839.08 and 404.45 mg pelargonidin 3-glucoside/kg dry extract, respectively and these levels were higher than those of the other flowers. The extracts were more effective for the inhibition of Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus and Yersinia enterocolitica compared to other tested bacteria. Additionally, the cytotoxic effects of five different tulip flower extracts on human breast adenocarcinoma (MCF-7) cell line were investigated. The results showed that the orange red, pink and violet extracts had no cytotoxic activity against MCF-7 cell lines while yellow and claret red extracts appeared to be toxic for the cells. Overall, the extracts of tulip flowers with different colors possess remarkable bioactive and cytotoxic properties.

Antioxidant, antimicrobial, mineral, volatile, physicochemical and microbiological characteristics of traditional home-made Turkish vinegars

“…Sterile-filtered vinegar samples were added to the wells. Plates were incubated at 37 C for 24 h and zones around the wells were measured in mm (Sagdic et al, 2013). …”

Bioactive and rheological properties of rose hip marmalade

“…The total phenolic content analysis was performed according to the Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetric method (Singleton and Rossi 1965) with some modifications (Sagdic et al 2013). The method measures necessary amount of the analyzed sample, in order to inhibit the oxidation of FCR (Folin-Ciocalteu reagent or Folin's phenol reagent).…”

Dehydration Kinetics and Changes of Bioactive Compounds of Tulip and Poppy Petals as a Natural Colorant under Vacuum and Oven Conditions

“…Moreover, they have high bioactive component, especially anthocyanin content with no cytotoxic activity (Sagdic et al . ). Anthocyanins of tulip flowers were identified as the 3‐O‐(6″‐ O ‐α‐rhamnopyranosyl‐β‐glucopyranoside) of delphinidin, cyanidin, pelargonidin, 3‐O‐(6″‐O‐[2‴‐O‐acetyl‐α‐rhamnopyranosyl]‐β‐glucopyranoside) of cyanidin and pelargonidin (7, 43, 12, 2 and 31%, respectively) by Torskangerpoll et al .…”

“…Thermal degradation of tulip flower was studied by Sagdic et al . (). However, there has been no research on the degradation kinetics of the anthocyanin of tulip and poppy during the drying process.…”