Two chalcone derivatives i.e. (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-(2,3dimethoxyphenyl)-prop-2-en-1-one (Compound-1), and (E)-1-(4-aminophenyl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one) (Compound-2), has been proven to have potential cytotoxic activity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of these compounds on PI3K/Akt signalling pathway in K562 cell lines. After incubation with the tested compounds, AKT, caspase-3, STAT3 and cyclin D1 concentrations were measured using ELISA. Furthermore, cell cycle was analysed using flowcytometry. Imatinib and isotretinoin were used as positive control, whereas cell culture without treatment was used as negative control. The AKT concentration after treatment with Compound-1 and -2 was significantly lower than that control, imatinib and isotretinoin (p<0.05). The apoptotic indices after treatment with Compound-1 and -2 were significantly higher than control, however they were lower than imatinib and isotretinoin (p<0.05). The caspase-3 concentration after treatment with Compound-1 at 5 and 10 µg/mL and Compound-2 at 10 µg/mL was significantly higher than that control and imatinib, however it was lower than isotretinoin (p<0.05). The STAT3 concentration after treatment with Compound-1 and -2 was significantly lower than that control and isotretinoin at 50 µg/mL (p<0.05) and similar with imatinib (p>0.05). The cyclin D1 concentration after treatment with Compound-1 and -2 was significantly lower than that control, imatinib and isotretinoin (p<0.05). In addition, Compound-1 and -2 arrested G 0 / G 1 and G 2 /M phase in K562 cell lines, with comparable results to imatinib and isotretinoin. In conclusion, the mechanism of cytotoxic activity of Compound-1 and -2 are through the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway inhibition, apoptosis induction by upregulation of apoptotic markers, and inhibition of cell cycle progression by regulating cell cycle-related factors.
ABSTRAKDua turunan kalcon yaitu (E)-1-(4-aminofenil)-3-(2,3dimetoksifenil)-prop-2-en-1-one (Senyawa-1), and (E)-1-(4-aminofenil)-3-fenilprop-2-en-1-one) (Senyawa-2), terbukti mempunyai aktivitas sitotoksik yang potensial. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengkaji efek kedua senyawa tersebut pada jalur sinyal PI3K/Akt pada sel K562. Setelah J Med Sci, Volume 49, No. 4, 2017 October: 153-164 154 diinkubasikan dengan senyawa uji, kadar AKT, caspase-3, STAT3 dan siklin D1 diukur dengan ELISA. Selanjutnya siklus sel dianalisis dengan flowcyometry. Imatinib dan isotretinoin digunakan sebagai kontrol positif dan kultur sel tanpa perlakuan sebagai kontrol negatif. Kadar AKT setelah perlakuan dengn Senyawa-1 dan -2 lebah rendah secara nyata dibaningkan dengan kontrol, imatiib dan isotretinoin (p<0.05). Indeks apoptosis setelah perlakuan dengan Senyawa-1 dan -2 lebih tinggi secara nyata dibandingkan kontrol, tetapi lebih rendah dibandingkan imatinib dan isotretinoin (p<0.05). Kadar caspase-3 setelah perlakuan Senyawa-1 dengan kadar 5 dan 10 µg/mL dan Senyawa-2 dengan kadar 10 µg/mL lebih tinggi secara nyata dibandingkan kontrol dan imatinib, tet...