Cytotoxic Effect of the GenusSinulariaExtracts on Human SCC25 and HaCaT Cells

Abstract

Soft corals of the genus Sinularia are being increasingly adopted to treat a wide variety of disease processes. However, the mechanism underlying its activity against human oral cancer cells is poorly understood. This study evaluates the cyototoxicity effects of the genus Sinularia extracts (S. grandilobata, S. parva, S. triangula, S. scabra, S. nanolobata and S. gibberosa) by SCC25 and HaCaT cells. The cell adhesion assay indicates that extracts reduce the cell attachment. Extracts exhibit a dose-dependent cytotoxic effect using MTS assay.Treatment of extracts to observe the morphological alterations in cells, membrane blebbing, nuclear condensation, and apoptotic bodies is demonstrated. Flow cytometry shows that extracts sensitized the cells in the G0/G1 and G2/M phases with a concomitant significantly increased sub-G1 fraction, suggesting cell death by apoptosis. Extracts of the genus Sinularia thus apparently cause apoptosis of SCC25 and HaCaT cells, and warrant further research investigating the possible antioral cancer compounds in these soft corals.

Cytotoxic effect ofErythroxylum daphnitesextract is associated with G1cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in oral squamous cell carcinoma

“…These effects might be involved in disrupting SCC-9 proliferation. Similar effects of Sinularia extracts were observed by Wang et al 29 in the SCC-25 OSCC cell line and by Chan et al 30 for the flavonoid apigenin. Genetic alterations are primarily responsible for the development of cancer; known changes include the uncontrolled expression of oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes, and mutations in genes involved in the apoptotic pathway, which lead to genomic instability and consequently progression to a neoplasm.…”

Novel Pactamycin Analogs Induce p53 Dependent Cell-Cycle Arrest at S-Phase in Human Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma (HNSCC) Cells

“…The effects of the two PCT analogs were tested in two established squamous cell carcinoma cell lines and in normal epithelial cells (HPEK) [ 58 , 59 ]. Overall, MTT-formazan quantification (MTT assay) showed significant dose- and time-dependent decline in the viability of all three cell lines following treatment with PCT analogs.…”

Chemical Characterization and in Vitro Cytotoxicity on Squamous Cell Carcinoma Cells of Carica Papaya Leaf Extracts

“…This information can then be used during sample preparation for rigorous cytotoxicity studies using the MTT assay. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) has been reported to be the solvent of choice for sample preparations with a final concentration in the medium from 0.1% to 1.0% but typically data have not been reported relating to impact of such DMSO concentrations on cell viability [ 15 , 16 , 17 ]. In our investigation, we found that DMSO at a concentration as low as 0.05% causes significant toxicity to SCC25 and a significantly different effect was observed between the two cell lines.…”