Cytotoxic effects of acephate, ethoprophos, and monocrotophos in CHO-K1 cells

Abstract

This work evaluates the cytotoxicity of acephate, ethoprophos, and monocrotophos in the Chinese hamster ovary cell line. The neutral red incorporation (NRI), total cellular protein (TCP) content, and methyl tetrazolium (MTT) assays were followed to estimate the midpoint cytotoxicity values, NRI 50 , TCP 50, and MTT 50 , respectively. The targeted cells were exposed to the tested pesticides in the presence and absence of fetal calf serum. The effects of the sublethal concentration (NRI 25 ) on glutathione S-transferase, glutathione reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and total glutathione content have been evaluated. In addition, the ameliorative effects of extracellular reduced glutathione (GSH, 1 mM), vitamin C (70 µM), and vitamin E (30 µM) were investigated. The exposure period and protein content in the culture medium affected the cytotoxicity of the tested pesticides. Unexpectedly, acephate showed the least MTT 50 value, 56.6 µM. The tested antioxidants caused different and significant effects on the components of the glutathione redox cycle.Este proyecto evalúa la citotoxicidad del acefato, etoprofos y monocrotofos en la línea de la célula de ovarios del hámster chino (CHO-K1). Los ensayos de incorporación neutral roja (NRI), total de contenido proteínico celular (TCP) y tetrazolio metílico (MTT) fueron realizados para hacer una estimación del punto medio de los valores citotóxicos, NRI 50 , TCP 50 y MTT 50 , respectivamente. Las células objetivo fueron expuestas a los pesticidas examinados para encontrar la presencia y ausencia de suero fetal bovino. Fueron evaluados los efectos de la concentración subletal (NRI 25 ) en glutatión S-transferasa, glutatión reductasa, glutatión peroxidasa y contenido total de glutatión. Además, se investigaron los efectos paliativos del glutatión extracelular reducido (GSH, 1 mM), la Vitamina C (70 µM) y la Vitamina E (30 µM). El periodo de exposición y contenido proteínico en el medio de cultivo afectaron la citotoxicidad de los pesticidas examinados. Inesperadamente, el acefato mostró el menor valor MTT 50 , 56,6 µM. Los antioxidantes examinados causaron efectos distintos y significativos en los componentes del ciclo redox del glutatión.Palabras clave: Citotoxicidad; pesticidas organofosfóricos; células CHO-K1; Ciclo redox del glutatión

Degradation and detoxification of monocrotophos using bacterial consortium

“…Cell viability testing revealed that degraded products were less toxic than non-degraded monocrotophos. Another screening of the MTT assay was carried out by Al-Sarar et al (2015) [51] on the CHO-K1 cell line for which after 24 h of incubation, an MTT50 value of 113.52 ± 10.65 was obtained for monocrotophos in serum-free media. Another genotoxicity study was carried out on lymphocytes of Rattus norvegicus through comet and micronucleus assay showed the toxic effect of monocrotophos through generation of single-and double-strand breaks in DNA and micronucleus in mono and polychromatic erythrocytes [52].…”