Cytotoxic Evaluation of e-Liquid Aerosol using Different  Lung-Derived Cell Models

Scheffler, Stefanie; Dieken, Hauke; Krischenowski, Olaf; Aufderheide, Michaela

doi:10.3390/ijerph121012466

Cited by 63 publications

(67 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In contrast with previous studies, we did not detect significant changes in FeNO 5,23 . This may be due to the short time of exposure or the small number of observations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

“…Interestingly, lung function impairment, as reflected in Raw and sGaw, was demonstrated regardless of the nicotine concentration of the e-cigarette. As animal models have indicated negative effects after exposure to e-cigarette liquids containing aromatics 5,33 , it would be of interest to test the effect of these constituents in humans in future studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in cell lines, e-cigarette vapour increases oxidative stress, inflammation 4,5 , may influence susceptibility to virus infection 6 and induces DNA strand breaks and cell death 7 on airway epithelial cells. It is also cytotoxic, induces apoptosis in fibroblats 8 , initiate inflammation at Kupffer 9 and enthothelial 10 cells, and alters vascular smooth muscle cells 11 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute effects of short term use of e-cigarettes on airways physiology and respiratory symptoms in smokers with and without airways obstructive diseases and in healthy non smokers

Palamidas¹,

Tsikrika²,

Κatsaounou³

et al. 2017

Tob. Prev. Cessation

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BACKGROUND Although the use of e-cigarettes is increasing worldwide, their short and long-term effects remain undefined. We aimed to study the acute effect of short-term use of e-cigarettes containing nicotine on lung function and respiratory symptoms in smokers with airways obstructive disease (COPD, asthma), "healthy" smokers, and healthy never smokers. METHODS Respiratory symptoms, vital signs, exhaled NO, airway temperature, airway resistance (Raw), specific airway conductance (sGaw) and single nitrogen breath test were assessed before and immediately after short term use of an e-cigarette containing 11mg of nicotine among adults with COPD, asthma, ''healthy" smokers, and never-smokers. The effect of the use of nicotine-free e-cigarettes among ''healthy" never smokers was also studied. RESULTS The majority of participants reported acute cough. Short term use of nicotine e-cigarettes was associated: a) with increased heart rate in all subjects except in the COPD group, b) decreased oxygen saturation in "healthy" and COPD smokers, c) increased Raw in asthmatic smokers, "healthy" smokers, and healthy never smokers, d) decreased sGaw in healthy subjects, and e) changed slope of phase III curve in asthmatic smokers. Short-term use of nicotine-free e-cigarettes increased Raw and decreased sGaw among healthy never smokers. CONCLUSIONS Short-term use of an e-cigarette has acute effects on airways physiology and respiratory symptoms in COPD smokers, asthmatic smokers, "healthy" smokers and healthy never smokers. E-cigarette use was associated with effects in ''healthy" never smokers irrespectively of nicotine concentration. More studies are needed to investigate both short and long-term effects of e-cigarette use

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“…In contrast with previous studies, we did not detect significant changes in FeNO 5,23 . This may be due to the short time of exposure or the small number of observations.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Acute effects of short term use of e-cigarettes on airways physiology and respiratory symptoms in smokers with and without airways obstructive diseases and in healthy non smokers

Palamidas¹,

Tsikrika²,

Κatsaounou³

et al. 2017

Tob. Prev. Cessation

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In cellular studies, exposure to ENDS vapor increased anti-inflammatory processes, 275,278 placed oxidative stress on exposed cells, 269,279,294,301 and increased cell apoptosis and necrosis. 305 Particular ENDS flavors are more cytotoxic than others, but generally most studied ENDS liquids are much less cytotoxic than cigarette smoke extract.…”

Section: Evidence Synthesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Glasser

Collins

Pearson

et al. 2017

American Journal of Preventive Medicine

420

332

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Context Rapid developments in e-cigarettes, or electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS), and the evolution of the overall tobacco product marketplace warrant frequent evaluation of the published literature. The purpose of this article is to report updated findings from a comprehensive review of the published scientific literature on ENDS. Evidence acquisition The authors conducted a systematic review of published empirical research literature on ENDS through May 31, 2016, using a detailed search strategy in the PubMed electronic database, expert review, and additional targeted searches. Included studies presented empirical findings and were coded to at least one of nine topics: (1) Product Features; (2) Health Effects; (3) Consumer Perceptions; (4) Patterns of Use; (5) Potential to Induce Dependence; (6) Smoking Cessation; (7) Marketing and Communication; (8) Sales; and (9) Policies; reviews and commentaries were excluded. Data from included studies were extracted by multiple coders (October 2015 to August 2016) into a standardized form and synthesized qualitatively by topic. Evidence synthesis There were 686 articles included in this systematic review. The majority of studies assessed patterns of ENDS use and consumer perceptions of ENDS, followed by studies examining health effects of vaping and product features. Conclusions Studies indicate that ENDS are increasing in use, particularly among current smokers, pose substantially less harm to smokers than cigarettes, are being used to reduce/quit smoking, and are widely available. More longitudinal studies and controlled trials are needed to evaluate the impact of ENDS on population-level tobacco use and determine the health effects of longer-term vaping.

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“…(Bahl et al 2012;Romagna et al 2013;Cervellati et al 2014;Willershausen et al 2014;Scheffler et al 2015aScheffler et al , 2015bSchweitzer et al 2015;Tartell 2015). Hom et al (2016) also reported platelet activation, aggregation, and adhesion under EC vapour extracts in vitro.…”

Section: Cellular Level Effectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electronic cigarettes—A review of the physiological health effects

Zucchet

Schmaltz

2017

FACETS

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Electronic cigarettes (ECs) are devices that are used recreationally or as smoking cessation tools, and have become increasingly popular in recent years. We conducted a review of the available literature to determine the health effects caused by the use of these devices. A heating element in the EC aerosolizes a solution of propylene glycol, glycerol, nicotine (optional), and flavouring (optional). These compounds are generally harmless on their own. However, upon heating, they produce various carcinogens and irritants. We found that concentrations of these toxicants vary significantly depending on the type of EC device, the type of EC liquid, and the smoking behaviour of the user. Exposure to these vapours can cause inflammation and oxidative damage to in vitro and in vivo cells. EC aerosol can also potentially affect organ systems and especially cardiovascular and lung function. We concluded that EC use causes acute effects on health but not as severe as those of conventional cigarettes (CCs). These devices could, therefore, be of use for smokers of CCs wishing to quit. However, as EC aerosol introduces new toxicants not found in CCs, long-term studies are needed to investigate possible chronic effects associated with EC use.

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Cytotoxic Evaluation of e-Liquid Aerosol using Different Lung-Derived Cell Models

Cited by 63 publications

References 11 publications

Acute effects of short term use of e-cigarettes on airways physiology and respiratory symptoms in smokers with and without airways obstructive diseases and in healthy non smokers

Acute effects of short term use of e-cigarettes on airways physiology and respiratory symptoms in smokers with and without airways obstructive diseases and in healthy non smokers

Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review

Electronic cigarettes—A review of the physiological health effects

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