Cytotoxic interactions of bare and coated NaGdF4:Yb3+:Er3+ nanoparticles with macrophage and fibroblast cells

Wysokińska, Edyta; Cichos, Jakub; Zioło, Ewa; Bednarkiewicz, A.; Strządała, Leon; Karbowiak, Mirosław; Hreniak, D.; Kałas, Wojciech

doi:10.1016/j.tiv.2015.11.021

Cited by 38 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…While it is possible to engineer NPs with desirable surface properties for commercial and biomedical applications, toxic effects of NMs can also be minimised using safe methods of NM design such as capping or coating of NPs [ 105 , 106 ]. While uncoated TiO 2 NPs induced phototoxicity, no phototoxicity was detected in a cell assay system following coating with hydrophobic stabilisers used in sunscreen formulations [ 107 ].…”

Section: Risk Management Of Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Bakand

Hayes

2016

IJMS

176

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Novel engineered nanoparticles (NPs), nanomaterial (NM) products and composites, are continually emerging worldwide. Many potential benefits are expected from their commercial applications; however, these benefits should always be balanced against risks. Potential toxic effects of NM exposure have been highlighted, but, as there is a lack of understanding about potential interactions of nanomaterials (NMs) with biological systems, these side effects are often ignored. NPs are able to translocate to the bloodstream, cross body membrane barriers effectively, and affect organs and tissues at cellular and molecular levels. NPs may pass the blood–brain barrier (BBB) and gain access to the brain. The interactions of NPs with biological milieu and resulted toxic effects are significantly associated with their small size distribution, large surface area to mass ratio (SA/MR), and surface characteristics. NMs are able to cross tissue and cell membranes, enter into cellular compartments, and cause cellular injury as well as toxicity. The extremely large SA/MR of NPs is also available to undergo reactions. An increased surface area of the identical chemical will increase surface reactivity, adsorption properties, and potential toxicity. This review explores biological pathways of NPs, their toxic potential, and underlying mechanisms responsible for such toxic effects. The necessity of toxicological risk assessment to human health should be emphasised as an integral part of NM design and manufacture.

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Section: Risk Management Of Npsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Bakand

Hayes

2016

IJMS

176

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“…Despite the growing interest in lanthanide-doped gadolinium nanoparticles and a wide range of new formulations, a detailed data analysis of their biological activities is still scarce. We have found in previous studies that lanthanide-doped NaGdF 4 nanoparticles can be toxic to the RAW264.7 macrophage cell line, and demonstrated that this effect could be avoided by coating nanoparticles with Poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG2000) or silica shell [29]. Unfortunately, the coating greatly affects the size and photochemical properties of nanoparticles, and additionally, it can also be stripped within the cell [30].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity Mechanism of Low Doses of NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Upconverting Nanoparticles in Activated Macrophage Cell Lines

et al. 2019

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Gadolinium-doped nanoparticles (NPs) are regarded as promising luminescent probes. In this report, we studied details of toxicity mechanism of low doses of NaGdF4-based fluorescent nanoparticles in activated RAW264.7, J774A.1 macrophages. These cell lines were specifically sensitive to the treatment with nanoparticles. Using nanoparticles of three different sizes, but with a uniform zeta potential (about −11 mV), we observed rapid uptake of NPs by the cells, resulting in the increased lysosomal compartment and subsequent superoxide induction along with a decrease in mitochondrial potential, indicating the impairment of mitochondrial homeostasis. At the molecular level, this led to upregulation of proapoptotic Bax and downregulation of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2, which triggered the apoptosis with phosphatidylserine externalization, caspase-3 activation and DNA fragmentation. We provide a time frame of the toxicity process by presenting data from different time points. These effects were present regardless of the size of nanoparticles. Moreover, despite the stability of NaGdF4 nanoparticles at low pH, we identified cell acidification as an essential prerequisite of cytotoxic reaction using acidification inhibitors (NH4Cl or Bafilomycin A1). Therefore, approaching the evaluation of the biocompatibility of such materials, one should keep in mind that toxicity could be revealed only in specific cells. On the other hand, designing gadolinium-doped NPs with increased resistance to harsh conditions of activated macrophage phagolysosomes should prevent NP decomposition, concurrent gadolinium release, and thus the elimination of its toxicity.

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“…The results suggest that amine‐modified UCNPs have low cytotoxicity, contrary to previous studies on UCNPs without amine modification, which suggests that amine‐rich nanoparticles can be detrimental to cellular function because of the enhanced hydrophility . In addition, Wysokińska et al demonstrates that unmodified hydrophobic NaGdF 4 : Er 3+ , Yb 3+ had a concentration‐dependent loss in viability in murine NIH3T3 fibroblasts and RAW264.7 macrophages of a minimum of 60 % at 100 µg/mL of UCNPs. In our scenario, the fluoride matrix and PEI modification counteracts this phenomenon to improve the cellular viability.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 86%

Development of biocompatible NaGdF₄: Er³⁺, Yb³⁺ upconversion nanoparticles used as contrast agents for bio‐imaging

et al. 2019

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Upconversion nanoparticles with special fluorescence and magnetic properties have been considered an alternative contrast agent for multiple bio-imaging techniques. It is important to understand the effects of the surface properties and dosage of upconversion nanoparticles on both the magnetic resonance (MRI) image and the photoluminescence spectrum. Here, NaGdF 4 : Er 3+ , Yb 3+ upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) modified with amine functional group were produced through a one-pot thermal decomposition. The average length of the cubic UCNPs is estimated at 53 ±13 nm. The effect of the dosage of amine modified UCNPs on the MRI image is investigated. The T 1 and T 2 relaxivities of the amine modified UCNPs in agarose gel at 3 T are r 1 = 6.79 ±0.14 and r 2 = 17.0 ±0.18 (mmol/L) −1 s −1 , which are comparable to the relaxivities of commercially available MRI contrast agents. In addition, the photoluminescence of the amine modified UCNPs at low concentrations < 150 µg/mL are further investigated with the excitation wavelength (λ ex ) at 980 nm. The internalization of the amine modified UCNPs cultured with human umbilical vascular endothelial cells (HUVEC) is observed by the fluorescence imaging. Meanwhile, T 1 -weighted MRI imaging of HUVEC cells treated with amine modified UCNPs at 10 µg/mL can be obtained. No significant toxic effect on cells is found when the concentration of the amine modified UCNPs is < 300 µg/mL. This study indicates that a low concentration of amine-modified NaGdF 4 : Er 3+ , Yb 3+ UCNPs can be used as the contrast agent for both fluorescence imaging and magnetic resonance imaging.

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Cytotoxic interactions of bare and coated NaGdF4:Yb3+:Er3+ nanoparticles with macrophage and fibroblast cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Toxicity Mechanism of Low Doses of NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Upconverting Nanoparticles in Activated Macrophage Cell Lines

Development of biocompatible NaGdF₄: Er³⁺, Yb³⁺ upconversion nanoparticles used as contrast agents for bio‐imaging

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Cytotoxic interactions of bare and coated NaGdF4:Yb3+:Er3+ nanoparticles with macrophage and fibroblast cells

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Toxicological Considerations, Toxicity Assessment, and Risk Management of Inhaled Nanoparticles

Toxicity Mechanism of Low Doses of NaGdF4:Yb3+,Er3+ Upconverting Nanoparticles in Activated Macrophage Cell Lines

Development of biocompatible NaGdF4: Er3+, Yb3+ upconversion nanoparticles used as contrast agents for bio‐imaging

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About

Development of biocompatible NaGdF₄: Er³⁺, Yb³⁺ upconversion nanoparticles used as contrast agents for bio‐imaging