Cytotoxic T cell activity against the 22-kda protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with a significant reduction in pulmonary RSV replication

Nicholas, Judith A.; Rubino, Kathleen L.; Levely, Melissa E.; Meyer, Annette; Collins, Peter L.

doi:10.1016/0042-6822(91)90607-d

Cited by 24 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Of the CD4 ϩ cells present, cells with the Th2 phenotype predominated in these mice, whereas Th1 cells were present in largest numbers during natural, wild-type RSV infection. Again, this suggests that vaccinees experienced imbalanced cell-mediated immune responses favoring a Th2-type over a Th1-type response (132).…”

Section: Role Of Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis, and Treatment

1999

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SUMMARY Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the single most important cause of lower respiratory tract infection during infancy and early childhood. Once RSV infection is established, the host immune response includes the production of virus-neutralizing antibodies and T-cell-specific immunity. The humoral immune response normally results in the development of anti-RSV neutralizing-antibody titers, but these are often suboptimal during an infant’s initial infection. Even when the production of RSV neutralizing antibody following RSV infection is robust, humoral immunity wanes over time. Reinfection during subsequent seasons is common. The cellular immune response to RSV infection is also important for the clearance of virus. This immune response, vital for host defense against RSV, is also implicated in the immunopathogenesis of severe lower respiratory tract RSV bronchiolitis. Many details of the immunology and immunopathologic mechanisms of RSV disease known at present have been learned from rodent models of RSV disease and are discussed in some detail. In addition, the roles of immunoglobulin E, histamine, and eosinophils in the immunopathogenesis of RSV disease are considered. Although the treatment of RSV bronchiolitis is primarily supportive, the role of ribavirin is briefly discussed. Novel approaches to the development of new antiviral drugs with promising anti-RSV activity in vitro are also described.

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Section: Role Of Cell-mediated Immunitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis, and Treatment

1999

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“…Interestingly, G lacks H-2 d -restricted epitopes in mice and, therefore, cannot elicit a CTL response against itself [7, 9, 15, 23, 24]. Furthermore, no anti-G CTL activity has been reported in humans [17, 24–26]. Therefore, despite its lack of CTL epitopes, G appears to act in trans to boost CTL responses against other RSV antigens by an unknown mechanism [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conserved cysteine residues within the attachment G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus play a critical role in the enhancement of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses

et al. 2010

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The cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) response plays an important role in the control of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) replication and the establishment of a Th1-CD4+ T cell response against the virus. Despite lacking Major Histocompatibility Complex I (MHC I)-restricted epitopes, the attachment G glycoprotein of RSV enhances CTL activity toward other RSV antigens, and this effect depends on its conserved central region. Here, we report that RSV-G can also improve CTL activity toward antigens from unrelated pathogens such as influenza, and that a mutant form of RSV-G lacking four conserved cysteine residues at positions 173, 176, 182, and 186 fails to enhance CTL responses. Our results indicate that these conserved residues are essential for the wide-spectrum pro-CTL activity displayed by the protein.

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“…Recently, completed clinical studies confirmed the efficacy of IgG in preventing RSV disease in high-risk infants (Groothuis et al, 1993). Other studies have characterized immune lymphocyte populations generated in response to RSV infection (Kulkarni et al, 1993;Openshaw et al, 1990), some of which are capable of preventing infection in adoptive transfer experiments (Alwan et al, 1992;Nicholas et al, 1991).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Unilateral nasal infection of cotton rats with respiratory syncytial virus allows assessment of local and systemic immunity

Johnson¹,

Ottolini

Darnell³

et al. 1996

Journal of General Virology

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An in vivo model for the study of local and systemic effectors of immunity to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is described. Cotton rats (Sigmodon fulviventer) inoculated in one nostril with a small volume (2 pl) of virus suspension contracted a unilateral nasal infection which did not extend to the contralateral nasal turbinates, nor to the lungs. Immunity to subsequent RSV challenge could be induced by small priming doses (< l0 p.f.u, per animal), but was dependent upon viral replication, as virus inactivated by UV light was not immunogenic. Immunity occurred in the absence of detectable neutralizing serum antibody. The onset of resistance to viral challenge occurred simultaneously in ipsilateral nasal, contralateral nasal and pulmonary tissues. However, low levels of transient viral replication occurred in contralateral nasal turbinates and in lungs following virus challenge, thus indicating that local components of immunity acting at the ipsilateral site of infection were more effective than systemic components acting at the other sites. Further evidence is provided to suggest that three types of immunological effectorslocal, persistent systemic and transient systemicparticipate in the immune response to RSV infection.

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Cytotoxic T cell activity against the 22-kda protein of human respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is associated with a significant reduction in pulmonary RSV replication

Cited by 24 publications

References 33 publications

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis, and Treatment

Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection: Immune Response, Immunopathogenesis, and Treatment

Conserved cysteine residues within the attachment G glycoprotein of respiratory syncytial virus play a critical role in the enhancement of cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses

Unilateral nasal infection of cotton rats with respiratory syncytial virus allows assessment of local and systemic immunity

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