Cytotoxicity analysis of etoposide and cisplatin on cell lines from human lung cancer and normal human lung

Abstract

Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in the world with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) making up a large majority of all cases. Despite advancement and discoveries in cancer therapy, treatment of this disease has been less successful due to serious side effects and drug resistance. Therefore, there is a need to research into new therapeutic approaches for this disease. This study, therefore, evaluated the effect of two common cytotoxic lung cancer drugs, the etoposide and cisplatin on two lung cell lines, A549 (lung cancer cell line) and BEAS-2B (normal lung virus-transformed cell line). Our study was aimed at testing the response of normal lung and lung cancer cells to different concentrations of etoposide and cisplatin over a period of time in order to determine the cytotoxic effect of these drugs. The cells were grown in culture plates and MTT assays were performed on both cell lines in order to determine each cell line's IC50 in response to various concentrations of cisplatin and etoposide over a maximum period of 72 hrs. Our results showed a cytotoxic effect on both cell lines. Unexpectedly, higher drug toxicity was observed on BEAS-2B compared to A549 cell lines. Consequently, this data highlights the necessity for further search of a more selective and effective drug that has minimal toxicity on the normal cells for effective treatment of NSCLC and lung cancer in general.

One‐Step Microfluidic Coating of Phospholipid Microbubbles with Natural Alginate Polymer as a Delivery System for Human Epithelial Lung Adenocarcinoma

“…It was also observed that free carboplatin exhibited no selective effect on cancer cells. Several studies have shown that platinum-based antineoplastic drugs, such as cisplatin and carboplatin which are commonly used in the clinical setting as chemotherapeutic agents in lung cancer treatment, have higher drug toxicity in healthy lung cells than lung cancer cells, and do not exert selective effects [9,26] which is in agreement with our study.…”

A Non-Conventional Platinum Drug against a Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Line

“…For the other incubation points, in both assays, IC 50 were higher than the maximum concentration tested (32 µM) ( Table 1 ). The lower toxicity found for this complex towards non-tumor lung cells contrasts with the 7- to 13-fold higher toxicity profile reported for cisplatin against the same cell line (IC 50 values ranging from 2.4 to 4.15 µM, at 72 h) [ 37 , 38 , 39 ], which is a highly promising result regarding a potential future clinical application of [Pt 2 Put 2 (NH 3 ) 4 ] 4+ —a high anticancer activity coupled to a low toxicity against healthy cells being desired.…”

A new family of luminescent iridium complexes: synthesis, optical, and cytotoxic studies

“…70,71 IC 50 values of cisplatin on BEAS-2B cells and their SI values for A549 and HeLa cells reported here are in good agreement with previous findings. [72][73][74] Among the Ir(III) complexes, the better values of the selectivity index (SI) were given by complex 2a-Cl in both tumoral A549 (3.30) and HeLa (2.23) cells, due to its higher cytotoxic activity in these cells (IC 50 3.73 and 5.53 in A549 and HeLa cells, respectively) compared to that in non-tumoral BEAS-2B cells (IC 50 12.32 µM). SI values for complex 2b-PF 6 and 3a-PF 6 were 1.90 and 0.73 (A549) and 0.69 and 0.47 (HeLa), respectively (Table 3), indicating low selective toxicity towards cancer cells.…”