Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with human ocular cells

Abstract

Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of plasma-modified multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), including hydroxyl-MWCNTs (MWCNT-OH), carboxyl-MWCNTs (MWCNT-COOH) and pristine MWCNTs, with human ocular cells (e.g. retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells) have been studied in this work. The addition of MWCNT-based materials caused few change in cell morphology while the presence of MWCNTs was observed inside the cells using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), suggesting possibility of MWCNTs passing through the cell membranes without damaging cells. Cell viability measurements suggested that MWCNT-COOH exhibited better biocompatibility than other MWCNT materials studied in this work. Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) release level was found to be less than 30% with all types of MWCNT-based materials. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) generation was visible but not severe with addition of nanotubes. A smaller oxidative stress level was obtained from MWCNT-COOH. Cell apoptosis was found to be less than 1.5% with addition of MWCNT-based materials. Particularly MWCNTs were found to be swallowed by cells and released by cells after 72 h without damaging cells, which may be considered as a potential vector for ocular genetic diseases. Plasma modification of MWCNTs particularly with -COOH was found to be an efficient way to improve ocular biocompatibility of MWCNTs, suggesting a fast and useful way to modify MWCNTs for applications in areas such as biology and biomedicine. multi-walled carbon nanotubes, ocular biocompatibility, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells, cytotoxicity, genotoxicity Citation:Yan L, Li G X, Zhang S, et al. Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of multi-walled carbon nanotubes with human ocular cells.

In vitro and in vivo study of hazardous effects of Ag nanoparticles and Arginine‐treated multi walled carbon nanotubes on blood cells: Application in hemodialysis membranes

“…MWNT has different toxicity such as inhalation toxicity, genotoxicity and so forth. [67][68][69] Ag nanoparticle is one of the nanostructures used in different parts of life especially as the antimicrobial agent. 33,34 Toxicity of CNTs have been widely investigated by different groups and showed that their toxicity is related to composition, length, diameter and sizes.…”

“…MWNT has different toxicity such as inhalation toxicity, genotoxicity etc. [67][68][69] . Ag nanoparticle is one of the nanostructures used in different parts of life especially as the antimicrobial agent 33,34 .…”

Ocular biocompatibility evaluation of hydroxyl-functionalized graphene

“…Apoptotic studies on RPE cells with G-OH were determined by caspase 3 activity assay as the activation cytosolic caspase-3 indicating the cell apoptosis [35,36]. As shown in Figure 2(a), the Capaspase-3 activity of ARPE-19 cells cultured with less than 50 μg/mL G-OH over 48 h didn't show much difference.…”

Blood–brain barrier transport studies, aggregation, and molecular dynamics simulation of multiwalled carbon nanotube functionalized with fluorescein isothiocyanate

“…45 The agglomeration of functionalized MWCNTs was previously discovered around human ocular cells without significant changes in their morphology. 46 As observed in Figure 5C and D, internalized MWCNT-FITC conjugates were colocalized with blue-colored shapes of endothelial cells, with Pearson's coefficient of 0.915 indicating nanotube uptake without apparent adverse effects on cell viability.…”