2023
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03591
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Cytotoxicity Comparison between Drinking Water Treated by Chlorination with Postchloramination versus Granular Activated Carbon (GAC) with Postchlorination

Stephanie S. Lau,
Yinmei Feng,
April Z. Gu
et al.

Abstract: Granular activated carbon treatment with postchlorination (GAC/Cl 2 ) and chlorination followed by chloramination (Cl 2 /NH 2 Cl) represent two options for utilities to reduce DBP formation in drinking water. To compare the total cytotoxicity of waters treated by a pilot-scale GAC treatment system with postchlorination (and in some instances with prechlorination upstream of GAC (i.e., (Cl 2 )/GAC/Cl 2 … Show more

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Cited by 16 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…Studies implementing the CAT approach have identified unregulated DBPs, particularly HANs, as drivers of toxicity in disinfected waters. , A recent study investigated 70 DBPs and identified HANs, particularly dihaloacetonitriles, and IAA as drivers of cytotoxicity in water utilities across the United States . While these studies assessed DBPs at the water utility or treatment level, our results support the role of haloacetronitriles, particularly DBAN, and IAA as drivers of toxicity in drinking water at the household level .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 62%
“…Studies implementing the CAT approach have identified unregulated DBPs, particularly HANs, as drivers of toxicity in disinfected waters. , A recent study investigated 70 DBPs and identified HANs, particularly dihaloacetonitriles, and IAA as drivers of cytotoxicity in water utilities across the United States . While these studies assessed DBPs at the water utility or treatment level, our results support the role of haloacetronitriles, particularly DBAN, and IAA as drivers of toxicity in drinking water at the household level .…”
Section: Discussionsupporting
confidence: 62%
“…The SPE protocol used to prepare extracts for toxicity assays has been described elsewhere. , Briefly, SPE cartridges were packed in-house with 2.5 g of Sepra ZTL (Phenomenex), a surface-modified styrene divinylbenzene sorbent similar to the Strata-X cartridges from Phenomenex. Each 10 L quenched and acidified water sample was extracted with two SPE cartridges (i.e., each 5-L aliquot was extracted using one SPE cartridge).…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Lau et al compared the cytotoxicity contribution of 38 regulated DBPs and unregulated, priority DBPs, along with the uncharacterized nonvolatile DBP fraction to test whether regulated DBPs serve as a useful proxy for health risks . For this, waters treated with chlorine, chlorine-chloramine, and GAC-chlorine (with 3 different GAC ages and with ambient/elevated bromide and iodide levels) were compared.…”
Section: Drinking Water and Swimming Pool Disinfection Byproductsmentioning
confidence: 99%