Cytotoxicity, inflammation, biomineralization, and immunoexpression of IL-1β and TNF-α promoted by a new bioceramic cement

Abstract

Cytotoxicity, inflammation, biomineralization, and immunoexpression of IL-1β and TNF-α promoted by a new bioceramic cement Aim: To evaluate the cytotoxicity, biocompatibility and mineralization capacity of BIO-C PULPO, and MTA. Methodology: L929 fibroblasts were cultured and MTT assay was used to determine the material cytotoxicity on 6, 24, and 48 h. A total of 30 male rats (Wistar) aged between 4 and 6 months, weighing between 250 and 300 g were used. Polyethylene tubes containing BIO-C PULPO, MTA, and empty tubes were implanted into dorsal connective tissue. After the experimental periods (7, 15, 30, 60, and 90 days) the tubes were histologically analyzed using hematoxylin-eosin (H&E), immunolabeling of IL-1β and TNF-α, and von Kossa staining, or without staining for polarized light analysis. The average number of inflammatory cells was quantified; the mineralization assessment was determined by the area marked in μm2 and semiquantitative immunolabeling analyses of IL-1β and TNF-α were performed. Then, data underwent statistical analysis with a 5% significance level. Results: It was observed that BIO-C PULPO and MTA presented cytocompatibility at 6, 24, and 48 similar or higher than control for all evaluated period. On periods 7 and 15 days, BIO-C PULPO was the material with the highest number of inflammatory cells (p<0.05). On periods 30, 60, and 90 days, BIO-C PULPO and MTA presented similar inflammatory reactions (p>0.05). No statistical differences were found between Control, BIO-C PULPO, and MTA for immunolabeling of IL-1β and TNF-α in the different periods of analysis (p<0.05). Positive von Kossa staining and birefringent structures under polarized light were observed in all analyzed periods in contact with both materials, but larger mineralization area was found with BIO-C PULPO on day 90 (p<0.05). Conclusion: BIO-C PULPO was biocompatible and induced mineralization similar to MTA.

Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinases-8 and Myeloperoxidase in Pulp Tissue after Pulpotomy with Calcium Silicate Cements

“…The present study provides important information about the activity of MPO and MMP8 in the pulp tissue of rats after pulpotomy with different biomaterials. The results in animals represent an initial analysis [2,4,9,34] and is an essential step to study the biological mechanisms of pulp tissue after pulpotomy. Although promising results have been reported in this study, it is important to remember that findings cannot be generalized since they are a dependent experimental model.…”

Influence of the Vehicle on the Tissue Reaction and Biomineralization of Fast Endodontic Cement

“…Thirty male rats (Wistar) weighing 250-280 g and 3 to 4 months of age were used in this study. The sample size was estimated based on data from a previous study [5] but using a power sample of 90%, which is corroborated by previous studies [3,5,17] and considering an alpha error of 0.05 to recognize a significant difference, a minimum number of six rats/group was considered necessary. The rats were housed in environments with temperatures between 22°C and 24°C with a controlled light cycle (12 hours light and 12 hours dark).…”

“…One hundred and twenty polyethylene tubes (Abbott Laboratórios do Brasil Ltda., São Paulo, SP, Brazil) with 1.0 mm internal diameter, 1.6 mm external diameter and 10.0 mm length were filled with the tested materials [3,5,17]. The Angelus MTA (Angelus Indústria de Produtos Odontológicos, Londrina, PR, Brazil) and experimental cement CER (School of Engineering, Department of Physics and Chemistry, Ilha Solteira, SP, Brazil) were prepared according to the manufacturer's recommendations (1 dose of MTA powder/1 drop of liquid; CER epoxy resin and CER water: 0.25 g of CER powder and 0.30 g of liquid) and inserted into the tubes.…”

“…The skin was reflected, creating 2 pockets in 1 side of the incision, one in the cranial portion and another in the caudal portion 6 cm away from each other, and another pocket on the opposite side of the incision. The tubes were implanted into the spaces created with blunt dissection, and the skin was closed with a 4/0 silk suture [3,5,17].…”

“…Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is a repair cement that shows biocompatibility and stimulates deposition of mineralized tissue [2][3][4][5][6][7]. MTA is indicated for several situations, such as root perforation, pulpotomy, apexification/apexogenesis and root-end fillings [5][6][7].…”