Cytotoxicity of low-shrink composites with new monomer technology on bovine dental pulp-derived cells

Abstract

<jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives:</jats:title><jats:p> The aim of this study was to evaluate the cytotoxicity of four low-shrink composites with new monomer technology on the bovine dental pulp-derived cells (bDPCs). </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods:</jats:title><jats:p> Ten samples were prepared for each group composites, and the samples were immersed in 7 mL of culture medium for 72 h at 37°C to extract residual monomer or cytotoxic substances. The culture medium containing the material extracts was sterile filtered for use on the cell cultures. Materials were incubated in medium with serum for 72 h. bDPCs were maintained in a medium with serum. A real-time cell analyzer was used to evaluate cell survival. After seeding 200 mL of the cell suspensions into the wells (10,000 cells/well) of the E-plate 96, bDPCs were treated with bioactive components released by the composite materials (1:1 and 1:2 dilutions) and monitored every 15 min for 50 h. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results:</jats:title><jats:p> According to analysis of variance, there were significant differences between the cell indexes of the control and GC kalore ( p &lt; 0.05) and Bisco Reflexions ( p &lt; 0.001) groups for the 1:1 dilutions at 25 h. When evaluated at 50 h, 1:1 dilutions of GC Kalore ( p &lt; 0.01) and Bisco Reflexions ( p &lt; 0.001) reduced cell survival significantly. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions:</jats:title><jats:p> Although composites resins are being advanced, their cytotoxic effects have been proceeding till this time. However, two of the four materials tested significantly reduced cell viability when compared with control. </jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Clinical relevance:</jats:title><jats:p> Research should focus on the cytotoxicity of composites in addition to their mechanical properties. </jats:p></jats:sec>

Cytotoxicity of three light-cured resin cements on 3T3 fibroblasts

“…It has been demonstrated that resin cements present toxic reaction in cell cultures by unreacted monomers released from the material during the polymerization reaction, which is related to thickness, light intensity, and photoactivation times of the material 8,12 . Is has also been demonstrated that comonomers, additives, and reaction products are released from polymerized cements 12,18 .…”

“…Is has also been demonstrated that comonomers, additives, and reaction products are released from polymerized cements 12,18 . According to Ferracane 15 , 2013, cytotoxic effects are associated with incomplete polymerization reaction.…”

“…This process can lead to material degradation over time 10 . The amount of components released and the extension of the polymerization reaction are related 12 . Previous studies have found that the resin monomers A-glycidyl methacrylate (Bis-GMA), triethilene glycol dimetacrylate (TEGDMA), and urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) present in the organic matrix are potentially toxic 13,14 .…”

Effect of a novel commercial potassium-oxalate containing tooth-desensitizing mouthrinse on the microhardness of resin composite restorative materials with different monomer compositions

“…Resin composite materials were applied carefully into a circumferential teflon mold with the same specimen dimensions positioned onto a 0.05 mm-thick transparent polyester filmstrip (Mylar, DuPont, and Wilmington, DE, USA) over a glass slide. Materials were covered with another celluloid strip, and the glass slide weighed of 200 g for 1 minute until the slide touched the mold completely, thus allowing excess composite to flow prior to curing (21) and to minimize the oxygen inhibition and maximize the surface smoothness (16). The distance between the light and the specimen was also standardized by using this 1-mm glass slide (22).…”

“…Several low shrinking resin composites have been introduced (13,15). According to the manufacturers’ information, the filler content and polymerization shrinkage rate of these low-shrinkage composite resin restorative materials are different from those of the conventionally used composites (12,16). …”