Cytotoxicity of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol and ochratoxin A on Caco-2 cell line in presence of resveratrol

Abstract

Exposure to mycotoxins through dietary food intake involves a highly complex scenario where co-contamination of different mycotoxins has been frequently demonstrated. On the other hand, the effect of the interaction of mycotoxins with other generally considered beneficial food components, as the antioxidants, has been scarcely studied. The main goal of the present work was to assess the cytotoxic effects on Caco-2 cells of the mycotoxins deoxynivalenol (DON) and ochratoxin A (OTA), alone or combined, and to explore potential protective effects of resveratrol (RES), an antioxidant frequently found in wine. In parallel, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production has also been studied as a first approach to understand the underlying mechanism of cytotoxicity. Results indicate a higher toxic effect of the mycotoxins when they are co-exposed. This increase in cytotoxicity was not accompanied by an increase in ROS production. The co-exposure of OTA or DON with RES did not result in a decrease in cytotoxicity; on the contrary, it resulted in increased cytotoxicity not associated with an increase in ROS production.

Targeting Colorectal Cancer Proliferation, Stemness and Metastatic Potential Using Brassicaceae Extracts Enriched in Isothiocyanates: A 3D Cell Model-Based Study

“…Notwithstanding, in both extracts, ITCs were the main contributors for their antiproliferative effect, which is in accordance with the antiproliferative effect of PEITC and SFN reported in several human CRC cell lines [18,19,20,22,23]. Importantly, EC 50 values for all samples are well below the inhibitory concentration that decreases 50% of cell viability (IC 50 ) of confluent and undifferentiated Caco-2 cell monolayers (Table S1, Supplementary Material) [35], a cell model that shares some characteristics with crypt enterocytes being widely used to assess the cytotoxicity effect of chemical and natural compounds on the intestinal function [41,42]. …”

Combinatory effects of cereulide and deoxynivalenol on in vitro cell viability and inflammation of human Caco-2 cells

“…Exposure to secondary fungal and bacterial metabolites might frequently occur simultaneously through our diet, not only in Africa (Abia et al 2017) but also in Europe (Messelhausser et al 2014). Currently, toxicity of complex toxin mixtures is an emerging field of research, but combinatory effects are often considered in only one class of contaminants, for example mycotoxins (Cano-Sancho et al 2015;Vejdovszky et al 2016). Hence, this study addressed the question how mixtures of bacterial toxins and mycotoxins and their potential interactions may impact on toxicological outcomes.…”

“…Consequently, humans are generally exposed to at least low doses of this toxin through their diet, with the gastrointestinal tract being first affected by foodborne toxins. In the human intestinal adenocarcinoma cell line Caco-2, DON caused a reduction of cell viability in undifferentiated cells at concentrations of 1-30 µM (Cano-Sancho et al 2015;Vejdovszky et al 2016). However, in a differentiated state, cells seemed to be less sensitive to DON, as no cytotoxicity was reported after 24 h for concentrations up to 10 µM.…”

“…On the other hand, information on the consequences of chronic low-dose exposure to CER is still lacking. In recent years, combinatory effects of numerous substances such as mycotoxin mixtures (Vejdovszky et al 2016) or combinations of mycotoxins with polyphenols (Aichinger et al 2017(Aichinger et al , 2018aCano-Sancho et al 2015) are attracting attention due to their co-occurrence or simultaneous ingestion. However, data on many other mycotoxins or bacterial toxins as well as data on the combinations of CER and DON or any other mycotoxin are still lacking.…”

Resveratrol and Related Stilbenoids, Nutraceutical/Dietary Complements with Health‐Promoting Actions: Industrial Production, Safety, and the Search for Mode of Action

“…However, RSV fails to do so (Gutiérrez, Morán, Martínez‐Blanco, Ferrero, & Rodríguez‐Aparicio, ). Also, the toxicity of ochratoxin A and deoxynivalenol on human epithelial Caco‐2 cells (cell line established from a sample of colorectal adenocarcinoma) was not reverted by the presence of STBs in cell cultures (Cano‐Sancho, González‐Arias, Ramos, Sanchis, & Fernández‐Cruz, ).…”