Czochralski Growth and Characterization of a Novel Nonlinear Optical Crystal Te₂P₂O₉

Abstract

A new nonlinear optical crystal Te2P2O9 (TPO) with dimensions up to 35 × 30 × 20 mm3 was grown successfully by the Czochralski method; the optimal growth parameters are determined. This crystal crystallizes in a monoclinic structure, space group Cc (No. 9), with a three-dimensional framework structure that is constructed of PO4 tetrahedra and TeO5 square pyramid. The transmission spectra suggest that it can transmit well from 0.29 to 4.70 μm. Powder second-harmonic generation (SHG) measurements indicate that TPO is phase-matchable and the SHG efficiency is about 1.3 times that of KDP. The refractive indices revealed a moderate birefringence of 0.13786–0.10615 in the wavelength range of 404.66–1013.98 nm. Thermal analysis shows that TPO has a relatively high specific heat and thermal conductivity, which indicates that TPO has a good thermal stability. The first-principles calculations and dipole moment analysis indicate that optical properties mostly originate from the contribution of TeO5.

Tellurium–oxygen group enhanced birefringence in tellurium phosphates: a first-principles investigation

“…The obtained bandgap is smaller than the experimental value (about 4.30 eV). 36 This underestimation of the bandgap may be related with the derivative discontinuity of the exchange-correlation energy. 48 The projected density of states (PDOS) of Te 2 P 2 O 9 is shown in…”

“…Their linear and nonlinear optical properties were also investigated. 36 The SHG response and birefringence of Te 2 P 2 O 9 are relatively large, which is 1.3 Â KDP, and 0.13786-0.10615 at 404.66-1013.98 nm, respectively. Curiously, how can it possess such a large birefringence in comparison with other phosphates?…”

Rb21.89W32.66O108: An Excellent Mid- and Far-IR Nonlinear-Optical Material with a Wide Band Gap

“…Second-order nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystals have been attracting attention as an important component for converting laser frequencies. 1 Frequency conversion of lasers with different wavelengths requires different NLO crystals. Compared with the UV−vis−near-IR (NIR) frequency conversion crystals, the mid-and far-IR NLO crystals are currently underdeveloped.…”

“…Second-order nonlinear-optical (NLO) crystals have been attracting attention as an important component for converting laser frequencies . Frequency conversion of lasers with different wavelengths requires different NLO crystals.…”

Preparation and spectral characteristics of Tm3+/Ho3+ co-doped TeO2–B2O3–BaO glass

“…These structural groups are linked to each other at a certain angle to form a long chain or a ring chain. 10 11,12 Furthermore, more BaO enters the gap between these long chains or ring chains in the form of [BaO 6 ] and [BaO 7 ] polyhedra, making the network of glass more compact, which improves the mechanical strength and thermal stability of the glass. 13 The introduction of B 2 O 3 improves the thermal stability and contributes to the formation of glass.…”