D-dimer as an alarming biomarker in various cancers: a review of literature

Vikey, Ashok

doi:10.15761/gmt.1000112

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Ferritin has been reported to be elevated in patients with lung cancer [26]. Furthermore, the D-dimer level is elevated in patients with cancer [27,28]; however, the results of the present study suggest that it may not necessarily be a risk factor for severe disease in patients with lung cancer.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and elevated levels of C-reactive protein associated with COVID-19 aggravation in patients with lung cancer

Maki

Takada

Taniguchi

et al. 2022

J Pharm Health Care Sci

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Background COVID-19 has become a significant health threat and a primary healthcare concern among the most vulnerable patients with cancer. Patients with COVID-19 who have lung cancer are at great risk and need careful monitoring if they are affected. This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics of COVID-19-positive patients with lung cancer and the risks associated with anticancer medication. Methods This study was a single-center, retrospective cohort study. Patients with lung cancer who presented with COVID-19 during hospitalization were divided into two groups: those who presented with respiratory failure and those who did not. The patient's background, clinical laboratory values, and anticancer drugs used for therapy were investigated to identify risk factors for respiratory failure. Results Thirty-one patients were included in the study; 18 (58.1%) were in the respiratory failure group and 13 (41.9%) were in the group without respiratory failure. In the respiratory failure group, there was a significant difference in using immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) use within 90 days (p = 0.025) and the level of C-reactive protein (CRP) level (p = 0.017). The analysis of the operating characteristic of the receiver revealed a cutoff value of 2.75 mg/dL for CRP (area under the curve = 0.744, sensitivity 0.611, specificity 0.923). Conclusions A history of ICI within 90 days and elevated CRP (≥ 2.75 mg/dL) levels are potential factors leading to respiratory failure in COVID-19-affected patients undergoing chemotherapy for lung cancer.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 75%

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and elevated levels of C-reactive protein associated with COVID-19 aggravation in patients with lung cancer

Maki

Takada

Taniguchi

et al. 2022

J Pharm Health Care Sci

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“…Additional markers increased in tissues are described in Additional file 1: Table S7.d-dimer is a specific cleavage product of fibrin and a symbol of hyperfibrinolysis [34]. It is the primary diagnostic tool in various diseases, such as deep venous thrombosis, systemic illness, and cancers [54]. Previous studies have reported that molecules in the coagulation/fibrinolysis system, especially plasma fibrinogen and d-dimer, are abnormal in cancer patients [34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comprehensive proteomics and platform validation of urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis and staging

Vanarsa

Castillo

Wang

et al. 2023

BMC Med

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Background Bladder cancer (BC) is among the most common cancers diagnosed in men in the USA. The current gold standards for the diagnosis of BC are invasive or lack the sensitivity to correctly identify the disease. Methods An aptamer-based screen analyzed the expression of 1317 proteins in BC compared to urology clinic controls. The top hits were subjected to systems biology analyses. Next, 30 urine proteins were ELISA-validated in an independent cohort of 68 subjects. Three of these proteins were next validated in an independent BC cohort of differing ethnicity. Results Systems biology analysis implicated molecular functions related to the extracellular matrix, collagen, integrin, heparin, and transmembrane tyrosine kinase signaling in BC susceptibility, with HNF4A and NFKB1 emerging as key molecular regulators. STEM analysis of the dysregulated pathways implicated a functional role for the immune system, complement, and interleukins in BC disease progression. Of 21 urine proteins that discriminated BC from urology clinic controls (UC), urine d-dimer displayed the highest accuracy (0.96) and sensitivity of 97%. Furthermore, 8 urine proteins significantly discriminated MIBC from NMIBC (AUC = 0.75–0.99), with IL-8 and IgA being the best performers. Urine IgA and fibronectin exhibited the highest specificity of 80% at fixed sensitivity for identifying advanced BC. Conclusions Given the high sensitivity (97%) of urine d-dimer for BC, it may have a role in the initial diagnosis or detection of cancer recurrence. On the other hand, urine IL-8 and IgA may have the potential in identifying disease progression during patient follow-up. The use of these biomarkers for initial triage could have a significant impact as the current cystoscopy-based diagnostic and surveillance approach is costly and invasive when compared to a simple urine test.

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“…Despite advances in diagnostic technologies and treatment modalities, neoplastic diseases are still the major health threat all over the world. 1 Breast cancer (BC) is the most frequently recognised neoplastic disease in women, with an estimated 2.3 million new cases diagnosed annually. 2 The number of BC diagnosed worldwide has been increasing at an alarming rate in the last decades.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

D-Dimers Variability in the Perioperative Period of Breast Cancer Surgery Helps to Predict Cancer Relapse: A Single-Centre Prospective Study

Dybowska,

Dybowski,

Szturmowicz

et al. 2023

Cancer Control

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Background The importance of D-dimers (DD) assessment in the diagnostic algorithm of venous thromboembolic (VTE) disease is well known. Increase of DD concentration may be also associated with neoplastic disease. Many studies documented that high concentration of DD before solid tumour surgery indicates more advanced disease and poor life expectancy. The prognostic value of the DD concentration variability in the perioperative period, in women undergoing breast cancer surgery, has not been analysed so far. Thus, the aim of the present prospective study was to assess whether the trend of DD concentration changes in the perioperative period may predict cancer recurrence in women undergoing breast cancer surgery. Materials and methods 189 consecutive women with histopathological diagnosis of breast cancer (BC) referred for surgical treatment were included. DD concentration was measured twice in each patient: at the time of admission to hospital and at the time of discharge home. Enoxaparin in standard dose of 40 mg daily s. c. was used as primary VTE prophylaxis in all of the patients. Results The recurrence of BC, within 1 year observation time, occurred in 13 patients (6.8%), in 11 (5.8%) patients with DD increase after surgery and only in 2 (1.1%) without an increase in DD, P = .0179. Increase in DD concentration after BC surgery was an independent positive predictor of disease relapse (OR 8.600, LCI 1.451, UCI 96.80, P = .0371) together with the lack of postoperative radiotherapy (OR 6.009, LCI 1.305, UCI 31.95, P = .0245), whereas the lack of postoperative chemotherapy predicted no BC relapse (OR .07355, LCI .0056, UCI .58, P = .0245). Conclusions Increase of DD in the early postoperative period may be considered as additional independent predictor of recurrence of BC within 1 year.

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D-dimer as an alarming biomarker in various cancers: a review of literature

Cited by 4 publications

References 36 publications

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and elevated levels of C-reactive protein associated with COVID-19 aggravation in patients with lung cancer

Immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy and elevated levels of C-reactive protein associated with COVID-19 aggravation in patients with lung cancer

Comprehensive proteomics and platform validation of urinary biomarkers for bladder cancer diagnosis and staging

D-Dimers Variability in the Perioperative Period of Breast Cancer Surgery Helps to Predict Cancer Relapse: A Single-Centre Prospective Study

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