d-Glutamate production by stressed Escherichia coli gives a clue for the hypothetical induction mechanism of the ALS disease

Abstract

In the search for the origin of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis disease (ALS), we hypothesized earlier (Monselise, 2019) that d -amino acids produced by stressed microbiome may serve as inducers of the disease development. Many examples of d -amino acid accumulation under various stress conditions were demonstrated in prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. In this work, wild-type Escherichia coli , members of the digestive system, were subjected to carbon and nitrogen starvation stress. Using NMR and LC–MS techniques, we found for the first time that d -glutamate accumulated in the stressed bacteria but not in control cells. These results together with the existing knowledge, allow us to suggest a new insight into the pathway of ALS development: d -glutamate, produced by the stressed microbiome, induces neurobiochemical miscommunication setting on C1q of the complement system. Proving this insight may have great importance in preventive medicine of such MND modern-age diseases as ALS, Alzheimer, and Parkinson.