“…Further, we will assume that on the worldsheet lives the U(1) gauge field A a = (A 0 , A 1 ) = (0, A θ 1 ) with a, b = t, θ 1 . Physically, this is a D1-brane with overcritical electric fields that wraps in θ 1 direction, as discussed in [18,19]. The components of the induced metric are given by…”